Pain management is a significant challenge due to the side effects associated with commonly prescribed medications like NSAIDs and opioids. Local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, offer an alternative fewer when formulated in topical patches. Transdermal delivery systems, including heated patches, enhance drug absorption provide targeted pain relief. This research paper aims develop characterize ...

Background: in this paper, a new physical penetration technology for transdermal administration with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) characteristics Fu’s cupping therapy (FCT) was established and studied by in-vitro and in-vivo experiments; the penetration effect and mechanism of FCT physical penetration technology (FCT-PPT) was preliminarily discussed. Method: Indomethacin (IM) as a model d...

One of the most widely used strategies to improve drug diffusion through skin is use permeation enhancers. The aim this work was investigate effect two biosurfactants (BS), produced by Lactobacillus crispatus BC1 and gasseri BC9, on profile hydrocortisone (HC, model drug). HC aqueous solubility in vitro studies porcine were performed presence BC1-BS BC9-BS at concentrations below above critical...

Multiple daily injections of insulin for diabetes cause many hazards diabetic patients. Oral noninvasive delivery could be more convenient and less painful than parenteral route. In past decades transdermal iontophoresis had been studied across the skin with or without chemical permeation enhancers. However, results these studies were not efficacious serum levels therapeutically effective. pres...