The consequences of premature loss of temporary teeth are complex, both of functional and morphological order and the clinical presentation depends on multiple factors: the temporary tooth loss rate as compared with permanent tooth eruption sequence and the number and topography of teeth extracted, so the clinical form of edentulous, which can be frontal or lateral, symmetric or asymmetric, iso...

AIM Premature loss of primary molars due to dental caries and their complications has been associated with space loss and eruptive difficulties, especially when the loss occurs early. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of premature loss of temporary upper molars upon the longitudinal axis of the first and second upper permanent molar. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group include...

In Britain about 7% of male employees and 10% of female employees are in temporary jobs. In contrast to much of continental Europe, this proportion has been relatively stable over the 1990s. Using data from the British Household Panel Survey, we find that, on average, temporary workers report lower levels of job satisfaction, receive less work-related training, and are less well-paid than their...

BACKGROUND Introduction of dialysis has prolonged the lives of end-stage renal disease patients. To maintain these patients on long term dialysis, permanent vascular access procedures capable of allowing flow of >200ml of blood/minute, are required. Without permanent vascular access, patients are subjected to repeated attempts for cannulation to provide temporary vascular access during every se...

Microbial communities are responsible for the bulk of biogeochemical processing in temporary headwater streams, yet there is still relatively little known about how community structure and function respond to periodic drying. Moreover, the ability to sample temporary habitats can be a logistical challenge due to the limited capability to measure and predict the timing, intensity and frequency o...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neutrophils are critically involved with ischemia and reperfusion injury in many tissues but have not been studied under conditions of reperfusion after focal cerebral ischemia. The present studies were conducted to confirm our previous observations quantifying neutrophils in rat permanent focal stroke using a myeloperoxidase activity assay and to extend them to transient...

1. Implantable pulse generators with endocardial or myocardial electrodes for long-term or permanent use. 2. External, miniaturized, transistorized, patientportable, battery-powered, pulse generators with exteriorized electrodes for temporary transvenous endocardial or transthoracic myocardial pacing. 3. Console batteryor AC-powered cardiovertors, defibrillators, or monitors with high-current e...

Procyclical absenteeism might be due to higher sick-rates of marginal workers, or a consequence of procyclical sick-report incentives. These hypotheses predict opposite signs for the correlation between sick-rates and shares of temporary contracts. This is the case, when the share of temporary contracts is a proxy for the share of marginal workers, and an indicator of stronger incentives for jo...

Right ventricular apex pacing can have deleterious effects. Our aims were to investigate how many patients referred for permanent pacing were suitable candidates for permanent His bundle pacing, and to determine the proportion in whom such pacing was successful. All cases of suprahisian block and most cases of infrahisian block (71.4%) were corrected by temporary His bundle pacing. However, per...

Pathogens have important effects on host growth, behavior, and population dynamics. Nevertheless, the impact of parasitic infection on host populations may be strongly context dependent. For example, the outcome of host–pathogen interactions may be subject to change based on the level of abiotic stress experienced by the host. In northeastern Connecticut, USA, larvae of the gray treefrog (Hyla ...