315 than where total inhibition zones had formed. The important observation to make is that, outside of the inhibition zone, the inoculated cells multiplied to form visible colonies despite being in the triclosan vapour for up to 72 h at 22°C. This is entirely in accord with zone theory and, of course, everyday experience with diffusion susceptibility tests. It is unlikely therefore that at amb...

We developed a CMOS watchdog sensor that simulates the changes in quality of perishables such as farm and marine products. The sensor can imitate a chemical reaction that causes the changes in the quality of perishables, with a wide range of activation energy from 0.1 eV to 0.7 eV. Attached to perishable goods, the sensor simulates the deterioration of the goods caused by surrounding temperatur...

Improved supply chain optimization strategies can play a major role in addressing global food security and safety years to come. In particular, tighter regulations, changing consumer quality requirements more stringent market competition call upon integrated decision-making frameworks that explicitly consider product control. This effort requires metrics of accurately reflect physico-chemical p...

In recent years, consumer concerns on environmental and health issues related to food products have increased and, as a result, the demand for organically grown production has grown. Higher costs of production and retailer margins generate a gap between real prices and those that consumers are willing to pay for organic food. In this article, consumer willingness to pay for organic food in two ...