Females are usually considered to be the target of male courtship behaviour. In nature, however, social interactions rarely occur without other observers; thus, it is conceivable that some male courtship behaviours are directed not towards females, but rather towards male rivals. The northern swordtail, Xiphophorus birchmanni, is a freshwater fish found in high densities in natural streams. Mal...

Liquid behaviors, including droplet condensation and frost melt water retention, of fins during frosting and defrosting processes on three aluminum fins with different surface characteristics under winter operating conditions of an air source heat pump were investigated. The effects of the surface characteristics, including the contact angle and the contact angle hysteresis, were analyzed. Drop...

Abstract. This paper addresses the development of analysis tools for flight loads prediction in the pre-design stage. The analysis tools are embedded in a parametric modelling environment. Emphasis will be on prediction of aerodynamic loads on specific structural parts, like the fin, during dynamic manoeuvres. Principal requirement is that these loads can be computed with low effort, but with s...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of the repair of perforated sinus membranes with resorbable collagen membrane. MATERIALS AND METHODS A split-mouth design was followed. Twelve subjects requiring bilateral sinus grafting were included in the study; one site had been accidentally perforated during sinus augmentation and the other site had not been perforated. The pe...

Here we genetically characterise pelvic finless, a naturally occurring model of hindlimb loss in zebrafish that lacks pelvic fin structures, which are homologous to tetrapod hindlimbs, but displays no other abnormalities. Using a hybrid positional cloning and next generation sequencing approach, we identified mutations in the nuclear localisation signal (NLS) of T-box transcription factor 4 (Tb...

A new deep-water catshark of the genus Apristurus Garman, 1913 is described based on nine specimens from the Gulf of Aden in the northwestern Indian Ocean. Apristurus breviventralis sp. nov. belongs to the 'brunneus group' of the genus and is characterized by having pectoral-fin tips reaching beyond the midpoint between the paired fin bases, a much shorter pectoral-pelvic space than the anal-fi...

Fourier and hyperbolic models of heat transfer on a fin that is subjected to a periodic boundary condition are solved analytically. The differential equation in Fourier and non-Fourier models is solved by the Laplace transform method. The temperature distribution on the fin is obtained using the residual theorem in a complex plan for the inverse Laplace transform method. The thermal shock is ge...

A new goby, Coryphopterus kuna, is described from the Atlantic coasts of Panama and Mexico. The species is distinguished from other Coryphopterus spp. by the low median fin and pectoral fin ray counts and the morphology of the pelvic fin. The pelvic fins are fully joined with a rounded outline and have branched and longer innermost pelvic fin rays. There is no frenum connecting the two pelvic f...

A new freshwater goby, Rhinogobius mizunoi, is described based on six specimens from a freshwater stream in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. The species is distinguished from all congeneric species by the following combination of characters: I, 8 second dorsal-fin rays; 18–20 pectoral-fin rays; 13–18 predorsal scales; 33–35 longitudinal scales; 8 or 9 transverse scales; 10+16=26 vertebrae 26; first ...