BACKGROUND The dietary intake of harmful elements, particularly lead and cadmium constitutes a health threat and essential measures should be undertaken to reduce consumer exposure. The latest risk assessments by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) have indicated that the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) for lead and c...

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) was initially designated as a body-cavity-based lymphoma and recognized as a distinct clinical entity without a contiguous tumor mass. PEL was first reported in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the distinctive feature of PEL originally reported as a B-cell neoplasm characterized by infection of the tumor cells by human herpes virus 8 (H...

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that mainly occurs in immunodeficient patients and is associated with infection by human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8). It develops in serous cavities, causing lymphomatous effusions in the absence of lymphadenopathy or organomegaly.1,2 Previous studies suggested that PEL occurs almost exclusively in HIVinfected patients. It was fi...

Complex states in glasses can be neatly expressed by the potential energy landscape (PEL). However, because PEL is highly multi-dimensional it is difficult to describe how the system moves around in PEL. Here we demonstrate that it is possible to predict the evolution of macroscopic state in a metallic glass, such as ageing and rejuvenation, through a set of simple equations describing excitati...

he focus of this article is a multidisciplinary research program that addresses corneal injury from exposure to infrared laser radiation. Our general methodology combines experimental physical and biological measurements with theoretical analyses to understand corneal damage. Damage thresholds are determined under carefully controlled exposure conditions, and mathematical damage models are deve...

BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent of primary effusion lymphomas (PEL). PEL cell lines infected with KSHV, but negative for Epstein-Barr virus have a tumorigenic potential in non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice and result in efficient engraftment and formation of malignant ascites with notable abdominal distension, consistent with ...

Fractional pel motion compensation generally improves coding efficiency due to more precise motion accuracy and low path filtering effect in generating image at fractional pel positions. In H.264, quarter pel motion compensation is applied, where image at half pel position is generated by 6 tap Wiener filter. And the adaptive interpolation filter technique, which adaptively changes filter chara...

Biofilm formation is a complex, ordered process. In the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Psl and Pel exopolysaccharides and extracellular DNA (eDNA) serve as structural components of the biofilm matrix. Despite intensive study, Pel's chemical structure and spatial localization within mature biofilms remain unknown. Using specialized carbohydrate chemical analyses, we unexpectedly ...

A dynamic mathematical model has been developed and validated to describe the synthesis of pectate lyases (Pels), the major virulence factors in Dickeya dadantii. This work focuses on the simultaneous modeling of the metabolic degradation of pectin by Pel enzymes and the genetic regulation of pel genes by 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate (KDG), a catabolite product of pectin that inactivates KdgR, one o...