More and more Internet traffic is encrypted. While this protects the confidentiality integrity of communication, it prevents network monitoring systems (NMS) from effectively analyzing now encrypted payloads. Many enterprise networks have deployed man-in-the-middle (MitM) proxies that intercept TLS connections at border to examine packet payloads regain visibility. However, interception via Mit...

This article describes Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPONs), an emerging local subscriber access architecture that combines low cost point-to-multipoint fiber infrastructure with Ethernet. EPONs are designed to carry Ethernet frames at standard Ethernet rates. EPONs use a single trunk fiber that extends from a central office to a passive optical splitter, which then fans out to multiple op...

This paper investigates the stability of distributed direct user-to-user networked haptic interaction with remote dynamic proxies and passive wave domain communications. Considering fixed communication delays and fixed and low data transmission rate over the network, the paper develops the multirate state space model of the haptic system and uses eigenvalue analysis to determine the maximum sti...

Haptic devices work with the operator to restrict or aid in the device's motion based on simulated environment, slave being teleoperated, or workspace restrictions so as to feedback tactile information to the user. Such devices are classified as either passive (use passive actuators) or active (use active actuators). Passive systems are inherently safer than active, but face fundamental limitat...

We propose and evaluate an antenna array consisting of three, quarter-wavelength spaced, monopoles and a passive network. The latter decouples and matches the antenna array to prevent gain reduction. At the same time, it forms orthogonal radiation patterns, which divide the space into three different sections. By using a geometry-based channel model, the IlmProp, we are able to quantify the imp...

Erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) has greatly helped in overcoming the propagation loses which are of biggest concern for next generation wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)/time division multiplexing (TDM) passive optical network (PON). This study is To characterize the performance of high-concentration EDFAs and the effect of the concentration quenching (homogeneous up-conversion and clu...

Group communication protocols greatly simplify the design of fault-tolerant distributed systems. Most of those protocols focus on node redundancy rather than on network redundancy. The Totem Redundant Ring Protocol allows the use of multiple redundant local-area networks. The partial or total failure of a network remains transparent to the application processes. The distributed system remains o...

Measurements and simulations are the main tools for studying the performance of IP networks. Furthermore, active measurement techniques are becoming an integral part of real network performance management systems. But if excessive testing packets are generated and injected into the network, then it might lead to worsening congestion. However, passive monitoring of queue length distributions wil...

Impact of Active Distribution Network Cell (ADNC) Study on Power System Oscillation requires modelling of power system components. The system covers the well knows Two AreasSystem benchmark which studies low frequency electromechanical oscillations in large interconnected power system. This study examined the effect of passive cell on Active Distributive Network Cell (ADNC). The method adopted ...