The creation and manipulation of conceptual shapes need different modeling techniques from what are available in present CAD systems. Conceptual modeling techniques are supposed to provide more flexible interaction and mimic working with true materials. Therefore, this paper proposes a new computer internal modeling technique that supports the natural ways of exteriorizing shape concepts as wel...

a nanofluid is a dilute liquid suspension of particles with at least one critical dimension smaller than ~100 nm. research works so far suggest that nanofluids offer excellent heat transfer enhancement over conventional base fluids. the enhancement depends on several factors such as particle shape, particle size distribution, volume fraction of nanoparticles, temperature, ph, and thermal conduc...

The influence of finite system size on the free energy of a spherical particle floating at the surface of a sessile droplet is studied both analytically and numerically. In the special case that the contact angle at the substrate equals π/2 , a capillary analogue of the method of images is applied in order to calculate small deformations of the droplet shape if an external force is applied to t...

In this paper, a methodology is presented for optimum shape design of double-layer grids subject to gravity and earthquake loadings. The design variables are the number of divisions in two directions, the height between two layers and the cross-sectional areas of the structural elements. The objective function is the weight of the structure and the design constraints are some limitations on str...

The self-organization of cells into a living organism is a very intricate process. Under the surface of orchestrating regulatory networks there are physical processes which make the information processing possible, that is required to organize such a multitude of individual entities. We use a quantitative information theoretic approach to assess self-organization of a collective system. In part...

In this paper, controlling the location of the tip of an L-shape beam under gravity field is investigated. The beam is covered with piezoelectric patches. The gravity filed moves the tip of beam downward and the actuators with induced voltage move the tip to the previous location. to optimize the best location and voltages for actuators, the particle swarm optimization algorithm code is develop...

We use numerical simulations to study the crystallization of monodisperse systems of hard aspherical particles. We find that particle shape and crystallizability can be easily related to each other when particles are characterized in terms of two simple and experimentally accessible order parameters: one based on the particle surface-to-volume ratio and the other on the angular distribution of ...

DigiPac is a particle packing algorithm based on a digital approach to represent particle shape, packing space and particle movements. It is capable of packing particles of arbitrary shapes and sizes in a container of arbitrary geometry. A number of case studies have been performed to validate this digital approach, some of which are reported in this paper to show that with DigiPac shape factor...

Surface reconstruction methods allow advanced analysis of brain data beyond what can be achieved using volumetric images alone. For instance, signals from distinct functional areas within the cortical sheet can be aligned, averaged and compared across subjects, while correctly modeling the folded geometry of the cortex. Even so, automated generation of cortical surface meshes from MRI data ofte...

Virtual claying techniques aim at interactive local and/or global deformation of virtual models by virtual tools. Various implementations of virtual clay models are known. The deformation computation for concrete implementations of virtual claying can be both geometry-based and physically-based. Geometry-based deformation manipulates the shape of the model by modifying geometric parameters (e.g...