Measuring PCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) in an organ can enableearly detection of ischemia. However, there are few clinical applicablesolutions for measuringPCO2. Based upon the requirement for clinicalapplications, a conductivity based PCO2 sensor is proposed. A conductivitybased PCO2 sensor measures conductance in an aqueous solution separatedfrom the me...

Very fast sensors that are able to track rapid changes in oxygen partial pressure (PO2) in the gas and liquid phases are increasingly required in scientific research - particularly in the life sciences. Recent interest in monitoring very fast changes in the PO2 of arterial blood in some respiratory failure conditions is one such example. Previous attempts to design fast intravascular electroche...

BACKGROUND We aimed to compare plasma concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) in dogs that underwent intra- and preperitoneal CO(2) insufflation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty dogs were studied. Ten formed a control group, 10 underwent intraperitoneal CO(2) insufflation, and 10 underwent preperitoneal CO(2) insufflation. General anesthesia with controlled ventilation was standardized for all ...

Control of spatiotemporal chaos is one of the central problems of nonlinear dynamics. We report on suppression of chemical turbulence by global delayed feedback using, as an example, catalytic carbon monoxide oxidation on a platinum (110) single-crystal surface and carbon monoxide partial pressure as the controlled feedback variable. When feedback intensity was increased, spiral-wave turbulence...

Insulin stimulates glucose utilization in the liver, which occurs mainly in the less aerobic, perivenous, zone. Accordingly, the insulin receptor protein was predominantly expressed in this area, although the insulin receptor mRNA was homogeneously distributed. In hepatocyte cultures venous O(2) partial pressure (pO(2)) induced insulin receptor protein expression. High glucose concentrations en...

Because of the limitations of existing methods and techniques for directly obtaining real-time blood data, no accurate microflow in vivo real-time analysis method exists. To establish a novel technical platform for real-time in vivo detection and to analyze average blood pressure and other blood flow parameters, a small, accurate, flexible, and nontoxic Fabry-Perot fiber sensor was designed. Th...

Elevated CO2, in the dark, is sometimes reported to inhibit leaf respiration, with respiration usually measured as CO2 efflux. Oxygen uptake may be a better gauge of respiration because non-respiratory processes can affect dark CO2 efflux in elevated CO2. Two methods of quantifying O2 uptake indicated that leaf respiration was unaffected by coincident CO2 level in the dark.

Iglesias-Rodriguez et al. (Research Articles, 18 April 2008, p. 336) reported that the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi doubles its organic matter production and calcification in response to high carbon dioxide partial pressures, contrary to previous laboratory and field studies. We argue that shortcomings in their experimental protocol compromise the interpretation of their data and the resul...