INTRODUCTION Dialysis-induced oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms of atherosclerotic changes. Heparin, used in hemodialysis, is an anticoagulant drug with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study was planned in order to evaluate the antioxidant effects of heparin and dalteparin (low-molecular weight heparin). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two patients underwent 3 hemodialysi...

BACKGROUND The Mexico City Metropolitan Area is densely populated, and toxic air pollutants are generated and concentrated at a higher rate because of its geographic characteristics. It is well known that exposure to particulate matter, especially to fine and ultra-fine particles, enhances the risk of cardio-respiratory diseases, especially in populations susceptible to oxidative stress. The ai...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease characterized vascular damage and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relation between systemic sclerosis and paraoxonase which is an antioxidant enzyme on the HDL. METHODS Twenty nine patients with SSc and 16 healthy subjects (control group) participated in the study. Plasma cholesterol...

Background: Dyslipidaemia is a well known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lipid metabolism is affected by a range of genes and proteins. This study investigated whether some of these genes are associated with measures of subclinical CVD. Methods: Polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1 and 2, cholesteryl ester transfer protein, hepatic lipase, and lipoprotein lipase were tested for associa...

The complete amino acid sequence of human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase and the DNA sequence coding for that protein have recently been determined in two independent laboratories. There is now considerable evidence that the esterase exists in two genetically determined allozymic forms, and these A and B allozymes possess both paraoxonase and arylesterase activities. The B-type esterase has rel...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the oxidant-antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation products, as well as paraoxonase and atherosclerotic plaque formation, in a hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis rabbit model to investigate the effects of atorvastatin in the atherosclerotic process. METHODS Forty male New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups, ie, a control group ...

INTRODUCTION The enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON1) represents an endogenous defense mechanism against vascular oxidative stress, thereby contributing to the prevention of atherosclerosis. Several polymorphisms have been reported in the PON1 gene, including Q192R. PON1 phenotype is commonly expressed as the paraoxonase/arylesterase ratio (PON/ARE). The major aim of this study was to investigate the as...

Coronary Artery disease (CAD) is estimated to be the number one cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. It is a multifactorial disease and diet plays an important role the development of CAD, and the risk further increases in the presence of dyslipidaemia. The lipoprotein profile is found to be deranged mostly in CAD. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) is considered as ...

OBJECTIVE Paraoxonase (PON) exhibits esterase activity (PON-AREase) and lactonase activity (PON-HCTLase), which prevent LDL oxidation and detoxify homocysteine thiolactone (HCTL). The role of HCTL and PON-HCTLase as a risk factor for the microvascular complication in diabetic retinopathy at the level of vitreous has not been investigated. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Undiluted vitreous from pa...

There is considerable evidence that the antioxidant activity of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is largely due to the paraoxonase-1 (PON1) located on it. Experiments with transgenic PON1 knockout mice indicate the potential for PON1 to protect against atherogenesis. This protective effect of HDL against low density lipoprotein (LDL) lipid peroxidation is maintained longer than is the protective ...