this paper examines the historical development of operations research (or) and represents different or methods (methodologies) developed during its lifetime. then, considering thomas kuhn’s paradigm model of scientific development as a basis for our work, the former and current status of or are analyzed and the future trend is discussed.

Since the 1970s, services marketing has grown into a major sub discipline of marketing. It is constantly claimed – but is refuted in the article – that services are now the dominant economic activity in developed countries and keeps growing while the two traditional goods sectors, manufacturing and agriculture, are declining. In today's competitive world, having expertise, knowledge and marketi...

  In today’s extremely competitive markets it is crucial for companies to strategically position their brands, products and services relative to their competitors. With the emerging trend in internationalization of companies especially SME’s and the growing use of the Internet with this regard, great amount of attention has been turned to effective involvement of the Internet channel in the mar...

the doctor-patient relationship (dpr) is one of the most important subjects in medical sociology and health policy. due to mutual understanding, undistorted dprs not only result in satisfaction of both doctors and patients, but also help to reduce financial burdens for patients and the health care system. the purpose of this research was to identify a dpr based on the qualitative paradigm model...

As companies increasingly recognize the importance of interaction with customers, relationship marketing is assuming a central place in both marketing theory and practice. The purpose of this article is to investigate to what extent relationship marketing is founded on a solid and consistent theoretical basis so that it can be considered a new paradigm. The main contribution of the article is t...

background: iran is one of the countries that has ratified the world health organization framework convention of tobacco control (who-fctc), and has implemented a series of tobacco control interventions including the comprehensive tobacco control law. enforcement of this legislation and assessment of its outcome requires a dedicated evaluation system. this study aimed to develop a generic model...

The more a marketing paradigm evolves, the more long-term relationship with customers gains its importance. CRM, a recent marketing paradigm, pursues long-term relationship with profitable customers. It can be a starting point of relationship management to understand and measure the true value of customers since marketing management as a whole is to be deployed toward the targeted customers and...