OBJECTIVES The ototoxicity of occupational exposure to toluene plus noise was investigated in a longitudinal study in rotogravure printing and existing findings in the literature were evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study comprised four repeated examinations during 5 years and started with 333 male workers. Lifetime weighted average exposures (LWAE) to toluene and noise were determined fr...

background: herbal essential oils (eos) are natural, volatile, and complex compounds that are defined by a strong odor. this study was conducted to investigate and compare antioxidant and antifungal properties of eo extracted from flowers and leaves of origanum vulgare ssp. gracile from iran. methods: eos of leaves and flowers of o. vulgare ssp. gracile were extracted using a modified clevenger...

SIR,-Following the recent report by Drs P J Toghill and R G Wilcox (28 February, p 502) we would like to recount a similar case in this hospital The patient was a 54-year-old housewife who developed aplastic anaemia of undetermined aetiology. As in the case reported, she had been using a new hair dye prior to this. This contained para-toluene diamine sulphate. She showed no response to predniso...

Many strong and extreme sensitizing chemicals, such as para-phenylenediamine (PPD), toluene-2,5-diamine (TDA) and other aromatic amines or cross-reacting substances, are ingredients in hair dye products. The chemistry of hair dyeing and the immunological reactions to the potent sensitizing hair dye components are complex and have not been fully clarified up until now. Recently 2-methoxymethyl-p...

In cells of Rhodococcus opacus GM-14, GM-29, and 1CP, the contents of branched (10-methyl) fatty acids increased from 3% to 15 to 34% of the total fatty acids when the cells were grown on benzene, phenol, 4-chlorophenol, chlorobenzene, or toluene as the sole source of carbon and energy, in comparison with cells grown on fructose. In addition, the content of trans-hexadecenoic acid increased fro...

BACKGROUND: Mathematical models describing the physical, chemical and biological processes that take place in bioremediation are necessary to design and optimise these technologies. This work models the effect of toluene as a gaseous cosubstrate in the degradation of phenanthrene in soil, considering the consumption of pollutants, the production of intermediate degradation compounds and mineral...

The biological monitoring for exposure to toluene is based on the measurement of urinary hippuric acid concentration (HA-U). In occupational health, workers exposed to toluene are examined for HA-U, because collection of urine samples is easy. The HA-U of some designers in a great household electrical products corporation who did not use toluene occupationally showed relatively high values. Fro...

An effective hemin catalyst on graphene support for selective oxidation of primary C-H bond in toluene is reported with an over 50% conversion rate achieved at mild conditions. Significantly this hybrid material shows catalytic efficiency in toluene oxidation with selectivity towards benzoic acid. The role of graphene support is discussed here as providing large contact area between the catalys...

Pseudomonas cepacia G4 possesses a novel pathway of toluene catabolism that is shown to be responsible for the degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE). This pathway involves conversion of toluene via o-cresol to 3-methylcatechol. In order to determine the enzyme of toluene degradation that is responsible for TCE degradation, chemically induced mutants, blocked in the toluene ortho-monooxygenase ...