This paper explores the relationship between renewable energy consumption, urbanization, human capital, trade, natural resources, and material footprint for BRICS countries from 1990 to 2016. We apply cross-sectional dependency test check correlation among cross-section. Then, we use second-generation panel like CADF CIPS stationary in series. After that, go cointegration test, i.e., Pedroni We...

In this paper, we study a smooth-transition type of nonlinear cointegration among a dynamic system, in which the proposed definition nests Engle and Granger (1987)’s linear cointegration. Based on the Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) models, a triangular representation for the nonlinearly cointegrated system is introduced. Furthermore, two tests for nonlinear cointegration are derived in...

Background Over the last decade there has been an increase in healthcare expenditures while at the same time the inequity in distribution of resources has grown. These two issues have urged the researchers to review the determinants of healthcare expenditures. In this study, we surveyed the determinants of health expenditures in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) countries.   Methods We us...

This paper examines the existence of long-run relationships between East Asian economic integration and tourism exports for nine selected ASEAN States for the period 1996-2007. I employ tourist arrivals data as a proxy for tourism exports and trade ratios as a proxy for the economic integration. Using Johansen’s Fisher panel cointegration test, the findings show that tourist arrivals and trade ...

A dynamic general-equilibrium model with limited participation in financial markets is constructed to study the determination of nominal exchange rates in a small open economy with tradable and non-tradable goods. The qualitative and quantitative implications of this framework are assessed under flexible prices. Then, the panel dynamic OLS regression is applied to seek the empirical support for...

It is generally admitting that specialization and integration do not evolved in the same direction. The analysis of sectoral production in European countries in this paper shows the contrary. Simulation of cross spectrum functions and panel estimation of cointegration relationship between sectoral GDP show that spillover e¤ects of trade are important within a country but also between countries ...

The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the association between the stock returns of German DAX corporations and movements of the U.S. Dollar. The link turns out to be rather unstable, but it depends significantly on direction and magnitude of foreign trade, and on the existing level of the DM/ Dollar exchange rate. This conclusion is based on exchange-rate-exposure and APT-modelling...

Using a panel data set of bilateral export flows from 12 EU countries to 20 OECD trading partners over the period 1992-2003, a panel cointegration approach to estimating the gravity model is adopted to test for the significance of European regional integration. A comparison of the results indicates that a positive and significant coefficient estimate of the EU dummy variable is found for both t...

The relationship between economic growth and energy consumption is one of the hot topics in economic research. There are many literatures concern about this topic from theoretical and empirical viewpoint. This paper applies panel unit root, heterogeneous panel cointegration and production function to investigate the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth within a multivaria...