Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) has recently been applied to living cells and tissues and has emerged as a novel technology for medical applications. NTAPP affects cells not only directly, but also indirectly with previously prepared plasma-activated medium (PAM). The objective of this study was to demonstrate the preconditioning effects of "mild PAM" which was prepared under re...

We have developed an adaptive optics photoacoustic microscope (AO-PAM) for high-resolution imaging of biological tissues, especially the retina. To demonstrate the feasibility of AO-PAM we first designed the AO system to correct the wavefront errors of the illuminating light of PAM. The aberrations of the optical system delivering the illuminating light to the sample in PAM was corrected with a...

THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE LUNG 39$ achieved by prior culture for five days in DMEM + 0.5% FCS) and fibroblast cell counts determined after one, two, and four days. DMEM + 0.5% FCS ± asbestos incubated for four hours as controls. Supernatants from unexposed PAM had no influence on fibroblast replication rate. In contrast, supernatants from PAM exposed to asbestos significantly increased the rate o...

The RNA-guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 cleaves double-stranded DNA targets with a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) and complementarity to the guide RNA. Recently, we harnessed Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 (SaCas9), which is significantly smaller than Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9), to facilitate efficient in vivo genome editing. Here, we report the crystal structures of SaCas9 in complex with...

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) is an imaging modality with superb penetration depth and excellent absorption contrast. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, that this technique can advance quantitative analysis of conventional chromogenic histochemistry. Because OR-PAM can quantify the absorption contrast at different wavelengths, it is feasible to spectrally resolve th...

Metastasis and drug resistance are major barriers for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To explore new therapeutic options, we successfully encapsulated MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a), a potent endogenous tumor suppressor in NSCLC into S6 aptamer-conjugated dendrimer to form lung cancer-targeted gene delivery nanoparticles (PAM-Ap/pMiR-34a NPs). PAM-Ap/pMiR-34a NPs had a diameter of ...

OBJECTIVE Optimized production and quality control of ytterbium-175 (Yb-175) labeled pamidronate and alendronate complexes as efficient agents for bone pain palliation has been presented. METHODS Yb-175 labeled pamidronate and alendronate (175Yb-PMD and 175Yb-ALN) complexes were prepared successfully at optimized conditions with acceptable radiochemical purity, stability and significant hydro...

The RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 cleaves double-stranded DNA targets complementary to the guide RNA and has been applied to programmable genome editing. Cas9-mediated cleavage requires a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) juxtaposed with the DNA target sequence, thus constricting the range of targetable sites. Here, we report the 1.7 Å resolution crystal structures of Cas9 from Francisella novici...

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is metabolized to the reactive intermediates, phosphoramide mustard (PAM) and acrolein (AC), which have generally different molecular binding targets. Sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid (MESNA) has been used clinically to alleviate hemorrhagic cystitis caused by CP chemotherapy, has exhibited anticarcinogenic effects in rats exposed to CP during a long-term bioassay, and...

In this thesis, we present a reduced-complexity decision-directed joint timing and phase recovery method for continuous phase modulation (CPM). Using a simple linear modulation—pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)—representation of CPM, more popularly known as the Laurent representation of CPM, we develop formulations of a PAM based joint timing error detector (TED) and a phase error detector (PED)...