Listener similarity judgments of languages seem to be influenced by regional speech characteristics and talker voice quality, and listener responses to voice quality are influenced by language. This study attempted to assess the relationships between judgments about voice quality and judgments about language. In the first experiment, using an ABX format listeners matched spoken samples of unkno...

Three experiments are reported on the influence of different timing relations on the McGurk effect. In the first experiment, it is shown that strict temporal synchrony between auditory and visual speech stimuli is not required for the McGurk effect. Subjects were strongly influenced by the visual stimuli when the auditory stimuli lagged the visual stimuli by as much as 180 msec. In addition, a ...

The "bilingual advantage" theory stipulates that constant selection and suppression between 2 languages results in enhanced executive control (EC). Behavioral studies of EC in bilinguals have employed wide-ranging tasks and report some conflicting results. To avoid concerns about tasks, we employed a different approach, measuring gray matter volume (GMV) in adult bilinguals, reasoning that any ...

Seesaw is a digital tool created especially for students to record videos, take images, write notes, and document their learning. This research sought better understand how was used in project-based learning as tool. Convergent Mixed-methods the design employed this study. In study, documentation, observation, interviews, tests were used. The data examined through paired t-tests coding. results...

Much of what is known about prosody derives from clinical studies of adults with hemispheric lesions. Moreover, prosodic abnormalities tend to be interpreted with little attention to speech planning difficulties. This investigation describes a model of discourse and speech planning that utilizes an integrated methodology, incorporating neuroanatomical, discourse, and acoustic-physiological doma...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study sought to reconcile two lines of research. Previous studies have identified a prevalent and causal role of negative imagery in social phobia and public speaking anxiety; others have demonstrated that lateral eye movements during visualisation of imagery reduce its vividness, most likely by loading the visuospatial sketchpad of working memory. It was hypothes...

Introduction Current-generation automatic speech recognition systems represent words as sequences of phonemes. This “phonemic beads on a string” approach provides satisfactory performance for scripted material and welldefined-vocabulary tasks, but performs poorly when applied to more casual (and realistic) styles of speaking. For large-vocabulary unscripted tasks, sophisticated phoneme-based pr...

This study investigated the impact of code-switching on speaking ability of Iranian low proficiency EFL learners. Moreover, it was an attempt to show what functions existed behind code-switching strategies used by the EFL learners. To this end, 60 male and female Iranian EFL learners age-ranged between 20 and 30 participated in the study. Data collection instruments which were used were the Int...

Welcome to issue 49 of Research Notes, our quarterly publication reporting on matters relating to research, test development and validation within University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL). The theme of this issue is performance testing, largely focusing on written assessment. In the fi rst article, Helen Spillett outlines the revision of the Cambridge English: Profi ciency (CP...