human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) is associated with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma (atl) and htlv-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (ham/tsp). only a limited percentage of infected individuals develop disease in response to the virus while the majority remain asymptomatic and ham/tsp is the most common clinical manifestation of the virus. ham/tsp is an inflamma...

introduction:  il-8 is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines which can play an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) as well as nasal polyposis (np). the ability of individuals in producing il-8 is partially determined by il-8-251 a/t polymorphism. hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between il-8-251 a/t and cxcr2 +1208 c/t genes p...

objective: infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 induces viral latency in neuron trigeminal ganglions. the late associated transcript (lat) is uniquely expressed in infected neural cells, however no coding protein associated with these transcripts has been identified in infected cells. it has been shown that six micrornas transcribed from lat have the capabilities to affect the cell signal...

interleukin-12 (il-12) is a key cytokine involved in regulating the balance between th1 and th2 cells by promoting th1 response. a reduced capacity to produce this cytokine could lead to aberrant th2 development. on the same aspect significant impact of il-12 on invariant natural killer t (inkt) cells was reported. therefore, we examined the serum levels of il-12 and the absolute number of peri...

background :cytotoxic t lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (ctla-4) is an important negative regulator of t-cell responses. the -1722tc polymorphism of the ctla-4 gene may be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) risk, but related results from previous studies have been inconsistent. we carried out a meta-analysis to assess this association more precisely.   methods : a systematic sea...

cladribine, an analogue of deoxyadenosine, is highly toxic for both non-dividing and proliferating cells and has shown activity in the treatment of several malignancies. therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the cytotoxicity effect of cladribine (2-cda) on the breast cancer cell line, mcf-7 (estrogen receptor positive, er+). mtt assay, annexin v-fluorescein/pi and hoechst 33...

the catalytic highly regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective synthesis of a small library of spiropyrrolizidineoxindolesvia a four-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylides, derived from isatin, with electron-deficient dipolarophilewas described. the process occurs at room temperature in aqueous ethanol as a green solvent and in the presence of a bidendatebis(imine)–cu(...

interleukin-8 (il-8) is a well-known inflammatory chemokine and suggested to be involved in the development of acne vulgaris. this study investigates il-8 plasma levels in acne patients and healthy controls and the molecular basis for the regulation of the il-8 gene in a pakistani population.patients with acne vulgaris (n=264) and healthy individuals (n=264) were enrolled in this investigation....

objective(s):htlv-1 is the first human retrovirus that has been recognized and is associated with ham/tsp and atll. studies have shown that less than five percent of htlv-1 infected carriers develop ham/tsp or atll and about ninety-five percent remain asymptomatic. therefore, the proviral load with tax may affect cellular genes such as cytokines and oncogenes, as well as involve in pathogenicit...