Drivers gather traffic information primarily by means of their vision. Especially during complicated maneuvers, such as overtaking, they need to perceive a variety of characteristics including the lateral and longitudinal distances with other vehicles, the speed of others vehicles, lane occupancy, and so on, to avoid crashes. The primary object of this study is to examine the appropriate visual...

The proximity and speed of motor traffic passing cyclists in non-separated conditions may be so close and so great as to cause discomfort. A variety of road design and driver behaviour factors may affect overtaking speeds and distances. The investigation presented in this paper builds on previous research and fills gaps in that research by considering the presence of cycle lanes on 20 mph and 3...

We consider the problem of optimally acquiring and retiring assets that are undergoing technological change over an unbounded horizon. The allowance for technological change prevents one from adopting the classic repeated-plant assumption that future replacements will be identical in costs to current asset contenders, thus confronting one with a non-stationary infinite horizon problem to solve....

Angiogenesis is a complex process, which is accomplished by reiteration of modules such as sprouting, elongation and bifurcation, that configures branching vascular networks. However, details of the individual and collective behaviors of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) during angiogenic morphogenesis remain largely unknown. Herein, we established a time-lapse imaging and computer-assisted anal...

The study is aimed at exploring empirical headway derived from Erlang and Pearson type III distribution and comparing the resultant distributions. The Erlang distribution is a simplified form of the Pearson type III. In circumstance where vehicle overtaking is very limited and the ensuing headway values are small, Pearson type IIIor the Erlang distribution may be used to represent the headway f...

A recent Newsweek article entitled “Why We’re Married to the Market” observed: “Seldom, if ever, has Main Street been so enthralled with Wall Street. We have become a nation of stock junkies—splurging on mutual funds, scouring market tables, and studying personal-finance columns” (Samuelson 1998). Journalists, policymakers, and observers from all walks of life have been taking note of the incre...

There is clear evidence that investment in intelligent transportation system technologies brings major social and economic benefits. Technological advances in the area of automatic systems in particular are becoming vital for the reduction of road deaths. We here describe our approach to automation of one the riskiest autonomous manoeuvres involving vehicles overtaking. The approach is based on...

In the context of intelligent transportation, this paper presents a novel on-line trajectorygeneration method for autonomous lane changing. The proposed scheme is guidance based, realtime applicable, and ensures safety and passenger ride comfort. Based on the principles of Rendezvous Guidance, the passing vehicle is guided in real-time to match the position and velocity of a shadow target (i.e....