Introduction Population-based studies of smoking cessation programs indicate that, although initial quit rates are high, quit rates decline to approximately 15%-25% at one year. Communityand workplace-based interventions generally report quit rates of a similar magnitude, and some report rates as high as 36%. For comparison, the background rate of unassisted smoking cessation is estimated at ap...

Introduction Initiating a quit attempt and achieving abstinence are distinct behaviors that have distinct correlates in general smokers. Studies predicting prenatal smoking have not addressed this. Methods Pregnant smokers (N = 207), recruited to a cessation intervention trial, were used as an observational cohort. Women completed measures at baseline and 12-week follow-up (mid-late pregnancy...

INTRODUCTION Since 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has aired a national tobacco education campaign to encourage quitting, Tips From Former Smokers (Tips), which consists of graphic antismoking advertisements that feature former cigarette smokers. We evaluated phase 2 of the 2014 campaign by using a nationally representative longitudinal cohort. METHODS Cigarette smokers w...

BACKGROUND In June 2012, Canada implemented new pictorial warnings on cigarette packages, along with package inserts with messages to promote response efficacy (i.e., perceived quitting benefits) and self-efficacy (i.e., confidence to quit). This study assessed smokers' attention toward warnings and inserts and its relationship with efficacy beliefs, risk perceptions and cessation at follow-up....

BACKGROUND This study examines the prevalence and correlates of stages of change of smoking, in terms of psychosocial, structural and sociodemographic factors, among inhabitants of deprived neighbourhoods. METHODS Cross-sectional data were obtained from a survey on health related behaviour. Subjects were 2009 current and former smokers, aged 20-46, living in deprived neighbourhoods in Rotterd...

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome is a frequent condition in women of reproductive age with prevalence rate of 5-10%. This study purposed to determine the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and the outcome of assisted reproductive treatment (ART) cycle in Tehran, Iran. MaterialsAndMethods In this historical cohort study, 996 infertile women who were referred to Royan Institute (T...

INTRODUCTION Current smoking cessation guidelines recommend setting a quit date prior to starting pharmacotherapy. However, providing flexibility in the date of quitting may be more acceptable to some smokers. The objective of this study was to compare varenicline 1 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) with placebo in subjects using a flexible quit date paradigm after starting medication. METHODS In this ...