introduction: hospitals are required to focus on core activities which are inevitable affair. the sensitivity of the monitoring and supervision mechanism as well as preserving and enhancing the quality of outsourced services prevent new problems in this area. methods: this was a descriptive and applied study which was done by case study (pretest-posttest) method. outsourcing nursing services of...

In the context of a simple model of strategic international bisourcing, we investigate the reasons why firms may simultaneously insource and internationally outsource. We also explore the impacts of international outsourcing on the production pattern of finished goods, tradable fragment prices, and welfare. The policy implications of attempts to restrict outsourcing are also established. We sho...

This paper examines the impact of the outsourcing of production on the volume and composition of the home country’s research and development. We find that outsourcing decreases the process R&D of the multinational firm in large markets when it only conducts process R&D (the substitution effect between outsourcing and process R&D). Outsourcing tends to emerge as a complementary factor to product...

Application Service Provision emerged in the late 1990s as a viable method for remote delivery of software to multiple clients. This form of outsourcing differs from traditional outsourcing on aspects such as attributes of vendors and clients, contracts coverage and length, and functions and customization offered. Such differences are expected to result in a different pattern of relationships b...

Companies across a broad range of industries are pursuing offshore outsourcing. The wave that started with IT (Information Technology) outsourcing, led to business process outsourcing (BPO) as offshore vendors developed their capabilities and client’s built up relationships with those offshore vendors. With the rise in available skilled and certified workers in key skill areas such as accountin...

As the business environment become more uncertain and competitive, many organizations are seeking ways to gain economic efficiency and share in business and technology risk. Despite wide differences in the reference disciplines applied to outsourcing research, the vast majority of it assumes a one-to-one relationship between the client and the outsourcing vendor. This paper examines the economi...

Bilinear pairing is a fundamental operation that widely used in cryptographic algorithms (e.g., identity-based algorithms) to secure IoT applications. Nonetheless, the time complexity of bilinear $O(n^{3})$ , making it very time-consu...

Many factory optimization problems, from inventory control to scheduling and reliability , can be formulated as continuous-time Markov decision processes. A primary goal in such problems is to nd a gain-optimal policy that minimizes the long-run average cost. This paper describes a new average-reward algorithm called SMART for nd-ing gain-optimal policies in continuous time semi-Markov decision...

More companies have realized that IT outsourcing, once viewed as a cost reduction tool, could facilitate and even enable the transformation of their core business processes. The benefits from a potential outsourcing relationship expansion have strategic implications for relational incentive provision. Modeling ―information poaching‖ in IT outsourcing as an incentive problem with contractibility...

the locus of control is a construct reflecting beliefs about the control of behavior and life events. according to this perception, people are grouped into two main categories: an internal and external locus of control. the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between wheat yield performance, locus of control and wheat growers’ (wg) characteristics. survey research met...