1. introduction language teachers frequently observe a gap between their students' potential competence and their performance in the class. anderson (1993) attributes this to the fact that human has a limited processing capacity and is not able to attend to various aspects of a task simultaneously. this limitation causes l2 learners not to be able to focus on both meaning and form at the same t...

We describe an expert system that has been applied to the task of application design. Users supply the system with problem specifications, such as the required output data, and the system produces a graphic representation of the completed application in the form of a flow diagram. The application design task has forced us to consider two important issues in expert system architecture: constrain...

The Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning method is conceived of as a useful method for Web service composition as well as classical task planning. However, there are no complete successes of service composition by HTN as yet. The reason is the Web service composition process involves the interactive dataflow between variables in preconditions and input/output parameters of services. Since v...

Persistent Embodied Conversational Agents (ECA) can be used to assist users in their daily activities. We introduce the Health and Fitness Companion (HFC), which is a conversational system aimed at promoting a healthier lifestyle. The system is embodied using the Nabaztag device, a wireless plastic rabbit supporting multimodal input and output. The HFC integrates a spoken dialogue system previo...

Taskflow-oriented programming merges concepts from structured programming, hardware description, and mark-up languages. A mark-up language such as XML supports a well-defined schema that can capture the decomposition of a program into a hierarchy of tasks. A hardware description language such as VHDL relies on well-defined and explicit input/output port definitions to create, at any level of hi...

{ Taskkow-oriented programming merges concepts from structured programming, hardware description, and markup languages. A markup language such as XML supports a well-deened schema that can capture the decomposition of a program into a hierarchy of tasks. A hardware description language such as VHDL relies on well-deened and explicit input/output port deenitions to create, at any level of hierar...

Many-Task Computing (MTC) is a widely used computing paradigm for large-scale task-parallel processing. One of the key issues in MTC is to schedule a large number of independent tasks onto heterogeneous resources. Traditional task-level scheduling heuristics, like Min-Min, Sufferage and MaxStd, cannot readily be applied in this scenario. As most of MTC tasks are usually fine-grained, the resour...

This article concerns the development of Vector Field Orientation - Active Disturbance Rejection (VFO-ADR) cascaded path-following controller for underactuated vehicles moving in a 3-dimensional space. The proposed concept control structure decouples system kinematics from dynamics, resembling approach utilized nonholonomic systems. Thanks to use an ADR dynamic-level controller, is robust even ...

the necessity and importance of teaching pragmatics has come to light by many researchers (e.g. rose & kasper, 2001). due to the consensus over the need to teach pragmatic competence, the main issue now centers on the question of how we should teach this competence in the most effective way. consistent with this line of research, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of d...