Two standard schemes for awarding a prize have been examined in the literature. The prize is awarded (πD) deterministically: to the contestant with the highest output; (πP ) probabilistically: to all contestants, with probabilities proportional to their outputs. Our main result is that if there is suffi cient diversity in contestants’skills, and not too much noise on output, then πP will elicit...

In various applications involving hidden Markov models (HMMs), some of the hidden states are aliased, having identical output distributions. The minimality, identifiability and learnability of such aliased HMMs have been long standing problems, with only partial solutions provided thus far. In this paper we focus on parametric-output HMMs, whose output distributions come from a parametric famil...

Neural encoding of the passage of time to produce temporally precise movements remains an open question. Neurons in several brain regions across different experimental contexts encode estimates of temporal intervals by scaling their activity in proportion to the interval duration. In motor cortex the degree to which this scaled activity relies upon afferent feedback and is guided by motor outpu...

Analysis and simulation are presented of the mismatched load condition for a balanced class-E power amplifier, which is based on 90° hybrids at its input and output. The performances of the 200-Watt balanced class-E amplifier, such as the output power and efficiency, were analyzed and compared to the conventional single-ended class-E power amplifier for the 1:3 VSWR mismatch condition. The simu...

background: the aim of this work was to study the output factors for linac using different ionization chambers and build up caps. materials and methods: output factors were measured for open square fields (3 × 3 cm to 40 × 40 cm) defined by collimator jaws for 6 and 15 mv photon beams from a varian clinac 2100c accelerator were measured. the measurements in air were performed using compact cyli...

this paper works on the concept of flatness and its practical application for the design of an optimal transient controller in a synchronous machine. the feedback linearization scheme of interest requires the generation of a flat output from which the feedback control law can easily be designed. thus the computation of the flat output for reduced order model of the synchronous machine with simp...

this study was designed to find which one of the three different presentations, i.e. input, input-output, and output-input, will be more effective in iranian efl learners' vocabulary acquisitions. to this end, first 54 out of 64 female students, aged from 19 to 23 years, with an average of 21, were selected out of starter-level efl learners at the university of tarbiat moalem in bandar abb...

This paper explores the difference between parallel and serial queries to an NP-complete oracle, SAT, from the perspective of functions with a limited number of output bits. For polynomial-time bounded query language classes, which can be considered as functions with 1-bit output, previous work has shown that 2 serial queries to SAT is equivalent to 3 parallel queries to SAT. In contrast, for f...