Introduction Preclinical drug development in the area of osteoarthritis (OA) requires robust and reliable assessment of disease progression. The morphology of the articular cartilage is considered to be the primary marker of OA progression. However, the challenges of small animal in-vivo imaging and image analysis have limited the use of MRI in preclinical OA research. We present an approach fo...

considering the high prevalence of osteoarthritis (oa) and since until now there has not been any human studies to evaluate the effect of sesame in oa patients, this study was designed to assess the effect of administration of sesame on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with knee oa. fifty patients with knee oa were allocated into two groups namely control and sesame group. 25 patie...

Knee osteoarthritis is a disease that can be initiated along multiple pathways that ultimately leads to pain, loss of function and breakdown of the articular cartilage. While the various pathways have biological and structural elements, the mechanical pathways play a critical role in the development of the disease. The forces and motions occurring during ambulation provide mechanical signals se...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic disease impacting on quality of life and has societal and economical burden increasing with age. Yet, no confirmed pharmacological, biological or surgical therapy could prevent the progressive destruction of OA joint. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with immunosuppressive activities emerged a potential therapy. We describe a magnetic resonance images (MR...

This paper introduces a new approach to automatically quantify the severity of knee OA using X-ray images. Automatically quantifying knee OA severity involves two steps: first, automatically localizing the knee joints; next, classifying the localized knee joint images. We introduce a new approach to automatically detect the knee joints using a fully convolutional neural network (FCN). We train ...

Erosive hand Osteoarthritis (EOA) is a subtype of osteoarthritis (OA) which manifests as pain, swelling, redness, and warmth and is associated with radiographic changes such as central collapsing erosions and gull wing deformity. EOA eventually leads to joint deformity and ankylosis. Despite greater analgesic use, patients with EOA have worse functional outcome and more pain than those with con...

Obesity and osteoarthritis are complex diseases to which multiple interacting factors contribute. The moderate association between obesity and knee joint osteoarthritis reflects the amplification by obesity of role of joint loading in the development and progression of osteoarthritis. However, joint loading is insufficient to explain the disparities between the incidence of knee OA in obese peo...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, the pathological mechanism of which is currently unknown. Genetic alteration is one of the key contributing factors for OA pathology. Recent evidence suggests that epigenetic and microRNA regulation of critical genes may contribute to OA development. In this article, we review the epigenetic and microRNA regulations of genes related to...

Osteoarthritis (OA) represents failure of the diarthrodial (synovial) joint. Although the pathologic hallmark of OA is the progressive lost of articular cartilage over the habitually loaded areas of the joint surface, OA is not a disease of only tissue cartilage, it affects all of the tissues of the joint, including the synovium, subchondral bone, capsule, ligaments, periarticular muscles and t...

It is increasingly recognized that the pathogenesis of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA) is multifactorial and involves the interactions between cartilage and its surrounding tissues. These interactions regulate proinflammatory cytokine-mediated cartilage destruction, contributing to OA progression as well as cartilage repair. This review explores the pathogenesis of OA in the contex...