With the development of blind bolts that can be installed from outer side a section, application steel pipe hollow sections in prefabricated structures has become possible. The novel one-side bolt with flip-top collapsible washer (FTW-OSB) is proposed, which fold at end to achieve simple and efficient installation. Firstly, components installation process FTW-OSB are introduced. Additionally, a...

Lightweight Steel Frames (LSF) in building construction are becoming more popular due to their fast, clean, and flexible constructability. Typical LSF wall panels made of cold-formed thin-walled steel lipped channel studs with plasterboard linings. Due the high thermal conductivity steel, these components must be well engineered covered against unintended bridges. Therefore, it is essential inv...