background: therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are designed to deliver high doses of radiation to selected target organs with an aim of minimizing unwanted radiation to surrounding healthy tissue. due to the potential of targeted radiotherapy to treat a wide range of malignant conditions, [153sm]-samarium maltolate was developed for possible therapeutic applications. materials and methods: the or...

A common plant from Papua, Indonesia, called Phaleria macrocarpa (mahkota dewa), has potent therapeutic components. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity level nanoherbal mahkota dewa and its effect on changes in hematology, biochemistry, electrolytes, histopathology organ. High Energy Milling (HEM) used produce dewa. LD50 determined three stages: dose orientation test (12 mice), p...

This study aimed to calculate and compare the estimated organ absorption dose, risk of cancer due exposure, dose received by gonads for women men in radio diagnostic examinations with different projections. Radiographic examination abdomen (with anterior-posterior (AP) posterior-anterior (PA) projections) lumbar vertebrae projection (AP), Right oblique (RPO), Left (LPO)), were performed. Softwa...

Among the blistering (vesicant) chemical warfare agents (CWA), sulfur mustard is the most important since it is known as the “King of chemical warfare agents”. The use of sulfur mustard has caused serious damages in several organs, especially the eyes, skin, respiratory, central and peripheral nervous systems after short and long term exposure, incapacitating and even killing people and troops....

INTRODUCTION EPIDEMIOLOGY PERIPHERAL NERVE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF NERVE INJURIES END ORGAN CHANGES FOLLOWING DENERVATION MECHANISMS OF NERVE INJURY ELECTRODIAGNOSIS OF PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURIES REHABILITATIVE MANAGEMENT OF PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURIES CAUSALGIA (COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME, TYPE-II) UPPER EXTREMITY NERVE INJURIES AND ENTRAPMENT SYNDROMES NERVE INJURIES AND EN...

Immunosuppressive drugs are now unavoidibly used after the transpantation of liver,heart and bone marrow, as well as in certain autoimmune diseases.among these agents,cyclosporine-A (CYA) is one of the most effective Immunosuppressants which is widely used.but as any Immunosuppressive agent,the use of CYA is not without harmful side effects.neurotoxin,nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic complications,m...

Background: Exposure conditions in CT examinations are quite different from conventional Xray. In CT examination higher dose is given to patient in comparison with the dose in other diagnostic examinations. In order to calculate organ effective dose in chest CT, Monte Carlo simulation has been used in this study. Materials and Methods: The Impact survey data were used to determine the ...

This paper presents results of equivalent dose organ determining to both primary beam and scattered radiation in a computed tomography (CT) procedures. All measurements were carried out to abdomen and critical organ (gonads) area. Selected dosimeters showed a standard deviation of 4.1% below to the reference values established by international guide lines. The equivalent dose in gonads was 14.2...

Effective staining of peripheral nerves in live insects is achieved with the vital stain Janus Green B. A working solution of 0.02% Janus Green B in saline is briefly applied to the exposed peripheral nervous system. The stain is then decanted and the dissection flooded with fresh saline, resulting in whole nerves being stained dark blue in contrast to surrounding tissues. This simple and relia...

The objective of this work was to estimate patient doses (dose-area product, organ dose, effective dose and entrance surface dose) for barium procedures. A total of 175 procedures, in 175 patients, for five different examination categories was analysed. Dose-area product was determined using a transmission ionization chamber. Organ dose and effective dose were assessed using a knowledge of the ...