We describe local light-ray rotation in terms of complex refractive indices. We show that Fermat’s principle holds, and we derive an extended Snell’s law. The change in the angle of a light ray with respect to the normal to a refractive-index interface is described by the modulus of the refractive-index ratio, the rotation around the interface normal is described by the argument of the refracti...

We derive a formal description of local light-ray rotation in terms of complex refractive indices. We show that Fermat's principle holds, and we derive an extended Snell's law. The change in the angle of a light ray with respect to the normal of a refractive index interface is described by the modulus of the refractive index ratio; the rotation around the interface normal is described by the ar...

In this paper, a new X band Metamaterial (MTM) based ferrite phase shifter is presented. The phase shifter is excited by circular polarized wave base on combination of TE10 and TE01 modes in a square waveguide. In order to synthesize negative refractive index metamaterial (NIM), negative permeability of ferrite slabs in extraordinary mode is mixed with the negative permitivity of printed period...