Mature pepper (Capsicum sp.) fruits come in a variety of colors, including red, orange, yellow, brown, and white. To better understand the genetic and regulatory relationships between the yellow fruit phenotype and the capsanthin-capsorubin synthase gene (Ccs), we examined 156 Capsicum varieties, most of which were collected from Northwest Chinese landraces. A new ccs variant was identified in ...

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in fruit development and ripening. Here, three NCED genes encoding 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED, a key enzyme in the ABA biosynthetic pathway) and three CYP707A genes encoding ABA 8'-hydroxylase (a key enzyme in the oxidative catabolism of ABA) were identified in tomato fruit by tobacco rattle virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Quantitati...

There have been very limited reports on the effects of commercial fruit juices on human CYP3A activity. Therefore, the inhibitory effects of readily available commercial fruit juices on midazolam 1'-hydroxylase activity, a marker of CYP3A, were evaluated in pooled human liver microsomes. The fruit juices investigated were black raspberry, black mulberry, plum, and wild grape. White grapefruit, ...

Concentrations of the macronutrients (K, Ca, Mg, Na, P and S) and micronutrients (Fe, B, Zn, Mn and Cu) in whole fruit, pulp, rind and albedo of fruit from young and mature 'Bellamy' navel orange trees were measured at fortnightly intervals during fruit development. The general order of abundance of the macronutrients were K > Ca > Mg ˆ P > S > Na and the abundance of the micronutrients followe...

Fruits of orange-fleshed and green-fleshed muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) were harvested at different times throughout development to evaluate changes in metabolism which lead to sucrose accumulation, and to determine the basis of differences in fruit sucrose accumulation among genotypes. Concentrations of sucrose, raffinose saccharides, hexoses and starch, as well as activities of the sucrose met...

Green synthesis of nanoparticles supports reuse, reduce and recycle concept towards the environmental friendly synthesis and also produce the good results compare to chemical methods in some of the cases. MgO nanoparticles can be prepared by solution combustion synthesis using citric acid is a fuel. The same citric acid is available in the nature in so many form just like tamarind, lemon and or...