During renal failure, abnormalities of BCAA and branched-chain keto acid (BCKA) metabolism are due to both the lack of renal contribution to amino acid metabolism and the impact of renal failure and acidosis on whole-body nitrogen metabolism. Abnormal BCAA and BCKA metabolism result in BCAA depletion as reflected by low plasma BCAAs and cellular valine. BCAA metabolic disturbances can alter tis...

One of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide is iron deficiency. Fatigue, pallor, vertigo, dyspnea, cold intolerance, lethargy, palpitation, headache, and pallor mucous membranes or nail beds are frequent symptoms signs Thrombocytosis commonly observed in deficiency anemia; it seems that erythropoietin plays main role this respect. Furthermore, thrombocytopenia even leukopenia have...

Background The use of nutritional supplements (NS) places athletes at great risk for inadvertent doping. Due to the paucity of data on supplement use, this study aimed to determine the proportion of Ugandan athletes using nutritional supplements and to investigate the athletes' motivation to use these supplements. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in which an interviewer-administe...

After decades-old efforts to nudge consumers towards healthier lifestyles through dietary guidelines, diet-related diseases are on the rise. In addition, a growing share of U.S. consumers proactively chooses nutritional supplements as an alternative preventative way of maintaining good health, a $25.5 billion industry in the United States. This paper investigates possible linkages between the e...

BACKGROUND malnutrition is an important risk factor for poor outcome in patients recovering after hip fracture surgery. This study aimed to investigate the clinical, nutritional and rehabilitation effects of an oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) in an inpatient rehabilitation setting. METHODS this was an observer-blinded randomised controlled trial of elderly post-surgical proximal femora...

Main results 7 clinical trials of non-pharmacological interventions, 4 reviews of pharmacological interventions and exercise, 1 meta-analysis of nursing symptom management, and 3 general overviews met the selection criteria. Nonpharmacological interventions: 7 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (n=558) compared nutritional counselling and/or commercial oral liquid supplements with various cont...