Preterm infants develop the skills necessary to begin oral feeding as their health stabilizes and as they reach a postconceptional age that supports coordination of breathing and swallowing with oral-motor functioning. The time from initiation of oral feeding to full oral feedings (with adequate intake for growth and maintenance of physiologic stability) can vary from days to months for the pre...

In order to investigate the nature of motor defects of the speech musculatures in dysar thric patients due to cerebral vascular accidents, non-verbal oral movements were studied in relation to overall intelligibility of speech, coordinative movements of speech organs and swal lowing movements. The results led us to the following conclusions. 1. The degree of individual isolated oral movements w...

The oral cavity and pharynx are anatomically separate but functionally integrated regions of the head. The two regions are involved in complex motor responses that include feeding, chewing, swallowing, speech, and respiration. The multiple sensory receptors that innervate these two regions provide the first link in reflexes that control muscles of the entire head, upper gastrointestinal tract, ...

19 19 QUESTIONS • CHALLENGES • CONTROVERSIES Dapsone, first developed in 1908, was initially intended for oral treatment of infectious diseases; however, dapsone was later shown to have potent anti-inflammatory properties. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of dapsone appear to be separate from its antibacterial properties. Oral dapsone has been shown to be efficacious for dermatoses with neutrop...

Data from many experiments has shown that serotonin2C (5-HT2C) receptor plays a role in the control of orofacial activity in rodents. Purposeless oral movements can be elicited either by agonists or inverse agonists implying a tight control exerted by the receptor upon oral activity. The effects of agonists has been related to an action of these drugs in the subthalamic nucleus and the striatum...

OBJECTIVE To review the literature on sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy. SOURCE OF DATA Non-systematic review using the keywords "sialorrhea" and "child" carried out in the PubMed®, LILACS®, and SciELO® databases during July 2015. A total of 458 articles were obtained, of which 158 were analyzed as they were associated with sialorrhea in children; 70 had content related to sialorrhea...

conclusions our results demonstrated that the extract of ob could induce anxiolytic effect in rats after 1 week oral administration. the effect of ob was not induced through changes in motor activity. further investigations are necessary for pharmacological providing of ob and better understanding of its anxiolytic properties and neurobiological mechanisms. results the results showed that after...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of oral language, orofacial motor skill and auditory processing disorders in children aged 4-10 years old and verify their association with age and gender. METHODS Cross-sectional study with stratified, random sample consisting of 539 students. The evaluation consisted of three protocols: orofacial motor skill protocol, adapted from the Myofunctional Ev...

OBJECTIVES Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with motor fluctuations that have been shown to improve when stable plasma levodopa levels are achieved with continuous levodopa infusions. Many patients also develop mood fluctuations. In this pilot study, we gathered preliminary information about the relationship between changing mood states and plasma levodopa levels. METHODS Six patients w...