we solve the coupled mode equations governing the chalcogenide nonlinear fiber bragg gratings (fbgs) numerically, and obtain the bistability characteristics. the characteristics of the chalcogenide nonlinear fbgs such as: switching threshold intensity, bistability interval, on-off switching ratio are studied. the effects of fbg length and its third order nonlinear refractive index on fbg charac...

An experimental study over the optical response of thin MoS2 films grownby chemical bath deposition (CBD) method is presented. As two important factors, theeffect of bath temperature and growth time are considered on the photocurrentgeneration in the grown samples. The results show that increasing the growth time leadsto better optical response and higher difference betw...

The nonlinear optical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been studied by using the Z-scan technique. Experiments are performed by CW second harmonic of Nd-YAG laser at 532 nm wavelength with a power of 40 mW. The samples are synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method in the presence of Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt catalysts. In this work, for the first time, effect of the typ...

A nonlinear Stark shift, in which the wavelength of an optical resonance depends on the intensity of an input optical beam, is of great interest because it can be used in various schemes of optical switching; if an input optical signal strongly changes the absorption of a medium then a second optical signal can be switched on and off in the optical analog of a transistor. This behavior, based o...

Lead free, eco-friendly bismuth borate glasses doped with alkali oxides of composition xLi2O+(30-x)Na2O+55B2O3+15Bi2O3 (x = 5,10,15,20,25) were prepared by melt quenching technique. Amorphous nature of glasses was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Density measurements were carried out at room temperature by standard principle of Archimedes with Xylene as an immersion liquid. The non-linear ...

data transmission in optical systems and increased transmission distance capacity benefit by using optical amplification wavelength division multiplexing (wdm) technology. the combination of four waves (fwm) is a non-linear effect in the wavelength division multiplex (wdm), when more than two wavelengths of light in a fiber launch will occur. fwm amount depends on the channel, the channel spaci...