To improve the viability of nuclear power plants, there is a need to reduce their operational costs. Operational costs account for significant portion plant’s yearly budget, due scheduled-based maintenance approach. In order these costs, proactive methods are required that estimate and forecast state machine in real time optimize schedules. this research, we use Bayesian networks develop framew...

review the literature of conservatism in financial reporting indicates the importance of conservatism in accounting profession. researchers have always tried to determine the degree and ways of conservatism in financial reporting and accounting, although this is not done easily, because there is not a direct measure of conservatism. however, conservatism has been one of the key principles in ac...

Today’s embedded systems operate in highly interactive collaborative system networks to fullfill an overall purpose within a complex technical system (e.g., motor vehicles, aircrafts, industrial plants). The lifespan of such complex technical systems typically covers several decades in which a modernization or replacement of individual embedded systems is accompanied by high efforts and costs. ...

This paper addresses the optimization possibilities of cargo operations onboard ship in order to minimize the operational costs through optimal structure of resources required. Since the setup model consists of composite objective function with several decision variables whose solution is constrained in the field Z+, the method for direct finding of optimal solution does not lead to satisfactor...

In an airline company, one of the most important tasks is to control the operational plan, i.e., making sure that flights are executed according to the scheduled plan. When the normal functioning is affected by an unexpected event, disruption management appears in order to solve all possible issues. From aircraft to passenger, operation control centers have to effectively fix all the disrupted ...

Plant and system operators are looking for reliable products meeting high technical requirements while providing maximum economic benefit throughout the life cycle. Calculating life cycle costs different operating conditions have to be considered to provide reliable decision making assistance. If data for a direct probability measurement may not be available, expert knowledge needs to be consid...

Military assets are generally appraised at the acquisition stage on the basis of their total life cycle costs. This study provides a theoretical foundation and a parametric cost model for forecasting the life cycle cost for any kind of heavy military equipment. In the model, the asset operating and maintenance (O&M) costs are estimated as a function of its age over its optimal operational life....

Large commercial and industrial loads known as large energy consumers are always seeking to reduce their energy costs and consequently they are utilizing renewable and non-renewable energy sources in procurement of their required energy. Use of renewable energy sources (RESs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PHEVs) parking lot without proper planning will make technical and economic problems for ...

We study the agency costs of delegated public service provision, focusing on the link between organizational forms and uncertainty at project implementation. We consider a dynamic multitask moral hazard environment where the mapping between effort and performance is ex ante uncertain but new information may arise during operations. Our analysis highlights the costs and benefits that bundling pl...

Infrastructure as a Service pricing models for resources are meant to reflect the operational costs and profit margins for providers to deliver virtualized resources to customers subject to an underlying Service Level Agreements (SLAs). While the operational costs incurred by providers are dynamic – they vary over time depending on factors such as energy cost, cooling strategies, and aggregate ...