For reducing both extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulses energy loss in the focusing reflection process and measurement error caused by pulse focusing aberration, as well as improving the operability of pulse spectroscopy monitoring, a combined focusing and flat-field spectrometer analysis system for attosecond pulse is proposed and designed through step-by-step performance optimization. The foc...

This paper presents the analysis, design and manufacture of a low cost, low maintenance and longrange prototype of RFID transponder with continuous operability. A prototype of semi-active RFID transponder is produced with a range that can be extended via a DC input to allow all of the readers signal power to be reflected via backscatter modulation. The transponder is powered via solar harvested...

This publication is intended to serve as a key to the results of the research project ‘Simulation-based design process of smart machines (KONEMASINA)’. The basic idea of the project was that the simultaneous design of different technical processes is inevitable in order to develop modern, optimized products. The project had three principal themes: simulation-based design, control of machine rel...

The theory of reliability has been developed in order to ensure operability of technical objects (components and systems). However, no thorough explanation of the term “functional reliability” is given by now, although it is used with increasing frequency. We deduce a definition based on the terms property, quality and function.. In this connection, we draw attention on the principal difference...

The infrastructure sectors of developed countries have direct and indirect interdependencies. These interdependencies make national infrastructures extremely prone to the cascading effects of perturbations or failures. A negative event that reduces the operability of one infrastructure sector rapidly spreads to other sectors and back to the original sector in a feedback loop, amplifying the neg...

Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) is a system which can directly collect three-dimensional coordinate information of ground point and laser reflection strength information. With the wide application of LIDAR system, users hope to get more accurate results. Boresight error has an important effect on data accuracy and thus, it is thought that eliminating the error is very important. In recent y...

Methyl and ethyl esters were prepared from camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] oil by homogenous base-catalyzed transesterification for evaluation as biodiesel fuels. Camelina oil contained high percentages of linolenic (32.6 wt.%), linoleic (19.6 wt.%), and oleic (18.6 wt.%) acids. Consequently, camelina oil methyl and ethyl esters (CSME and CSEE) exhibited poor oxidative stabilities and hi...