To have “full” entropy has been defined in a draft NIST standard to be to have min-entropy very close, proportionally, to the min-entropy of a uniform distribution. A function is uniform if all its preimages have the same size. This report proves that the output of any uniform compression function can fail to have full entropy, even when the input has full entropy.

As is well known, a continuous parameter process with mutually independent random variables is not jointly measurable in the usual sense. This paper proposes an extension of the usual product measure-theoretic framework, using a natural “one-way Fubini” property. When the random variables are independent even in a very weak sense, this property guarantees joint measurability and defines a uniqu...

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Pseudorandomness against Depth-2 Circuits and Analysis of Goldreich’s Candidate One-Way Function

This paper probes the drivers, dimensions, achievements, and outcomes of technological innovations carried out by SMEs in the auto components, electronics, and machine tool sectors of Bangalore in India. Further, it ascertains the growth rates of innovative SMEs vis-à-vis noninnovative SMEs in terms of sales turnover, employment, and investment. Thereafter, it probes the relationship between in...

In this paper we show a general transformation from any honest verifier statistical zero-knowledge argument to a concurrent statistical zero-knowledge argument. Our transformation relies only on the existence of one-way functions. It is known that the existence of zeroknowledge systems for any non-trivial language implies one way functions. Hence our transformation unconditionally shows that co...

This study was designed to investigate the benefit of inclusion of various verbal elements in 3D talking-head on pronunciation learning among non-native speakers. In particular, the study examines the effects of three different multimedia presentation strategies in 3D talking-head Mobile-Assisted-Language-Learning (MALL) on the learning achievement of students with low English pronunciation ski...