nutritional indices of the willow leaf beetle, plagiodera versicolora laicharting, third instar larvae and adults were studied on four host plants including salix alba l., salix aegyptica l., populus caspica bornm.and populus alba l.at 22 ± 2 ºc, 70 ± 10% r.h., and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (l: d). the results showed that the highest consumed food by the larvae and adults (148.5 ± 18.0 and 175.21...

reported here are two cases of delayed postsurgical brucella abscess within the cranium, treated successfully by reoperation and appropriate medical therapy. both patients had an occupational exposure to the pathogenic organism. systemic symptoms of brucellosis became manifest postoperatively in case i and were present in case ii long before operation. the diagnosis was confirmed by serology an...

background: interest in tatera indica rodent arises mostly because it is believed that this species is survived among four subspecies reported from iran, two of which exist in khuzestan province. in addition, it might has a role as res­ervoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the transmission of leishmania major in some of the widespread asian foci including southwestern iran. method...

results findings showed that the genotype -607a/a is associated with the susceptibility to chronic hepatitis b. furthermore, allele c at position -137 is suggested to play a protective role against development of chronic hbv infection. conclusions host genetic factors play an important role in determining the outcome of hbv infection. it is suggested that il-18 genotype -607 a/a is associated w...

background : ticks are blood feeder acarians that feed on variety of animals and introduce a wide variety of molecules to their host immune system and some of them may stimulate host immune system to produce antibodies. this study was carried out to detect humoral immune responses following boophilus annulatus infestation. methods: seven cattle were each experimentally infested with 10000 b. an...

background : rooks are distributed all over iran and no information is available in the literature on their parasitic infec­tions. methods : one hundred twenty five rooks were examined at post-mortem for parasitic infections. results : two species of cestodes, 5 species of nematodes and 4 species of protozoa were found of which all were new host and distribution record. conclusion : rooks have ...

None (Members of Erysiphales cause powdery mildew diseases on wide host rang and produce whitish primary mycelium on surface of infected parts. Based on microscopic study of one specimen on Jasminum sp., structures of fungus including conidiophores and conidia were observed. Foot cells of conidiophores were cylindrical or curved in basal part, followed by 1-2 shorter cells. Conidia were ellipso...

The possible coexistence of one host, one aggressive parasite and one non-lethal parasite is simulated using the Penna model of biological ageing. If the aggressive parasites survive the difficult initial times where they have to adjust genetically to the proper host age, all three species may survive, though the host number may be diminished by increasing parasite aggressivity. Figure 1: Time ...