Oxygen homeostasis represents an important organizing principle for human development and physiology. The essential requirement for oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP is balanced by the risk of oxidative damage to cellular lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. As a result, cellular and systemic O2 concentrations are tightly regulated via shortand long-acting response pathways that affect ...

Recent dynamic factor models have been almost exclusively developed under the assumption that the common components span a finite-dimensional vector space. However, this finite-dimension assumption rules out very simple factor-loading patterns and is therefore severely restrictive. The general case has been studied, using a frequency domain approach, in Forni et al. (2000). That paper produces ...

Even in the simple Vasicek one-factor credit portfolio model, the exact contributions to credit value-at-risk cannot be calculated without Monte-Carlo simulation. As this may require a lot of computational time, there is a need for approximate analytical formulae. In this note, we develop formulae according to two different approaches: the granularity adjustment approach initiated by M. Gordy a...

Let k be an integral domain, n a positive integer, X a generic n×n matrix over k (i.e., the matrix (xij) over a polynomial ring k[xij ] in n 2 indeterminates xij), and adj(X) its classical adjoint. For char k = 0 it is shown that if n is odd, adj(X) is not the product of two noninvertible n×n matrices over k[xij ], while for n even, only one particular sort of factorization can occur. Whether t...

We give a complete characterization of affine term structure models based on a general nonnegative Markov short rate process. This applies to the classical CIR model but includes as well short rate processes with jumps. We provide a link to the theory of branching processes and show how CBIprocesses naturally enter the field of term structure modelling. Using Markov semigroup theory we exploit ...

When a treatment influences both the primary response and the covariate, a standard analysis of covariance may misrepresent the real treatment effect by adjusting out that part of the effect which is manifest in the covariate. What parametric function should we examine if the treatments influence the covariate? An informative analysis would let the complete effects of the levels emerge, yet per...

Details regarding the implementation of the Hull-White one factor model are provided. The details concern the model description and parameters, the vanilla instruments pricing and the Monte Carlo implementation.

U NTIL THE ADVENT of components that could more specifically replace specific missing clotting factors, patients with hemophilia were treated with whole blood and then plasma. Such patients had a shortened lifespan and were crippled with severe anthropathy; many died of hemonrhage. With the discovery in 1960 that factor VIII:C was concentrated in cryoprecipitate, more specific replacement for p...