P olycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a ubiquitous class of hundreds of organic compounds composed of two or more aromatic rings that are released naturally and from human activities. Natural sources of PAHs include forest fires, oil seeps, and volcanic eruptions; anthropogenic sources include burning of fossil fuels and wood, production of coke and charcoal, petroleum refining, and petr...

Abstract Fracturing technology is the key of shale oil and gas exploitation in United States. The hydraulic fracturing lies formulation fluid, which can improve permeability layer, reduce pumping resistance, optimize production conditions, strata damage other purposes. Slick-water widely used water-based for unconventional exploitation, friction resistance. As core slickwater reducer determine ...

The poor rock quality and matrix permeability several orders of magnitude lower than conventional oil reservoirs observed in unconventional liquid reservoirs (ULR) presents many uncertainties on the storage capacity of the rock and the possibility of enhancing recovery. The technological advances in multiple stage hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have improved the overall profitabil...

With the development of oilfield exploitation in China, in-depth understanding change polymer flooding injection-production index can effectively alleviate contradiction and improve production efficiency. Based on this, taking Daqing as an example, this paper makes a detailed analysis classification stages prediction methods indicators for first second oil layers, mainly discusses variation rul...

Over the last century the world has become dependant on fossil fuels as the primary source of hydrocarbons for energy and industry. These resources are finite and non renewable and their exploitation releases massive amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The identification of sustainable replacements has been an ongoing area of research for many years. Plant triacylglycerol (TAG) oils ...