Damage caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands remains an important concern on forest tree species. The pathogen causes root and collar rot, stem cankers, and dieback of various economically important Eucalyptus spp. In South Africa, susceptible cold tolerant Eucalyptus plantations have been affected by various Phytophthora spp. with P. cinnamomi considered one of the most virulent. The molecula...

3-phenyl-propenal is one of the principle compounds isolated from Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi), the principal drug in Guizhi-Tang (GZT), a famous traditional Chinese medical formula. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 3-phenyl-propenal on the expression of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), TLR4 and the downstream signaling components on Raw264.7 murine microphages. Raw264.7...

In this research,for taxonomic studies and identification of the fungi associated with the powdery mildew(Oidium euonymi- japonici) of Buxus trees (Euonymus japonica), the infected leaves were collected during autumn and winter 2012-2013 in Gorgan (Golestan province -Iran). The samples after washing and surface sterilizing, were cultured on PDA medium(with boxwood extract).Then based on availab...

In this research,for taxonomic studies and identification of the fungi associated with the powdery mildew(Oidium euonymi- japonici) of Buxus trees (Euonymus japonica), the infected leaves were collected during autumn and winter 2012-2013 in Gorgan (Golestan province -Iran). The samples after washing and surface sterilizing, were cultured on PDA medium(with boxwood extract).Then based on availab...

IT is now generally agreed that the deterioration of oils and fats, whether due to the action of air, light and moisture, or to the action of micro-organisms, is an oxidative process subsequent to partial hydrolysis. In these two forms of rancidity-that of pure fats (where the absence of nidus prevents bacterial or mould growth) and that caused by micro-organisms-the course of the oxidation is ...

THE FORMATION OF SEMI-TRANSPARENT MEMBRANES FROM CULTURES OF SLIME-PRODUCING MICROORGANISMS THIS article presents a brief description of a procedure developed at this laboratory for the successful production of semi-transparent sheets resembling parchment from cultures of slime-forming microorganisms. The investigations of Beijerinck' and Harrison2 have made important contributions to fundament...

Acetic acid, in vinegar, is one of the most anciently used preservatives. Its toxicity to bacteria and to fungi has been recognized. Wolf and Shunk (^6) ^ found that it was more toxic to the six species of bacteria investigated by them than was hydrochloric, sulphuric, citric, tartaric, malic^ or formic acids. In the experiments of Bitting (4) acetic acid was as toxic to fungi as benzoic, boric...

in this research,for taxonomic studies and identification of the fungi associated with the powdery mildew(oidium euonymi- japonici) of buxus trees (euonymus japonica), the infected leaves were collected during autumn and winter 2012-2013 in gorgan (golestan province -iran). the samples after washing and surface sterilizing, were cultured on pda medium(with boxwood extract).then based on availab...

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common disorder in middle-aged women and the elderly population. Although surgical treatment of SUI has progressed, pharmacological therapies remain unelucidated. We screened potential herbal medicines against SUI with an ex vivo organ bath assay. Ramulus Cinnamomi and its major constituent cinnamaldehyde cause a high contractile force of the urethra and a...

Lingguizhugan decoction, a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. In the present study, we compared the phenotype of the normal rats (fed with chow diet), high-fat-diet (HFD) induced NAFLD rats and Lingguizhugan decoction (LGZG, comprises four Chinese herbs: Poria, Ramulu...