BACKGROUND Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is status epilepticus without obvious tonic-clonic activity. Patients with NCSE have altered mental state. An EEG is needed to confirm the diagnosis, but obtaining an EEG on every patient with altered mental state is not practical. OBJECTIVE To determine whether clinical features could be used to predict which patients were more likely to be...

Orbital and ocular abnormalities are commonly found in trisomy 18 (Edwards's syndrome). We believe this to be the first case reported in the literature of ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA) occurring in Edwards's syndrome, and the literature on AFA is reviewed.

We report a case of ectopia lentis and central serous chorioretinopathy in a young female patient with several manifestations of Marfan syndrome in the skeletal, cardiovascular and dermatological systems. We can't conclude however that these two ocular abnormalities are linked.

Importance The Zika virus (ZIKV) has rapidly reached epidemic proportions, especially in northeastern Brazil, and has rapidly spread to other parts of the Americas. A recent increase in the prevalence of microcephaly in newborn infants and vision-threatening findings in these infants is likely associated with the rapid spread of ZIKV. Objective To evaluate the ocular findings in infants with ...

Abstract Pneumosinus dilatans (PSD) is a rare disorder that causes aberrant paranasal sinus dilation. typically benign and asymptomatic, without any evidence of bone destruction or pathologic changes in the underlying mucosa. Localized discomfort, headaches, facial paraesthesia deformities, sensory deficits, olfactory loss, ocular abnormalities are common complaints. The diagnosis PSD confirmed...

Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a continuum of disorders characterized by systemic and ocular findings. Retinal abnormalities typically present as diffuse photoreceptor degeneration. Here, we report a novel case that suggests a rod-sparing variant of Bardet-Biedl syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To compare visual outcomes obtained following cataract surgery in 4 sites in North America and Europe where considerable differences in the organization of care and patterns of clinical practice have been previously described. METHODS Patients scheduled for first eye-cataract surgery and aged 50 years or older were enrolled consecutively in a prospective multicenter study that colle...

PURPOSE Recent studies on adults have shown that short-term monocular deprivation boosts the deprived eye signal in binocular rivalry, reflecting homeostatic plasticity. Here we investigate whether homeostatic plasticity is present also during occlusion therapy for moderate amblyopia. METHODS Binocular rivalry and visual acuity (using Snellen charts for children) were measured in 10 children ...

Amblyopia results from inadequate visual experience during the critical period of visual development. Abnormal binocular interactions are believed to play a critical role in amblyopia. These binocular deficits can often be resolved, owing to the residual visual plasticity in amblyopes. In this study, we quantitatively measured the sensory eye dominance in treated anisometropic amblyopes to dete...

Decision making in any brain is imperfect and costly in terms of time and energy. Operating under such constraints, an organism could be in a position to improve performance if an opportunity arose to exploit informative patterns in the environment being searched. Such an improvement of performance could entail both faster and more accurate (i.e., reward-maximizing) decisions. The present study...