conclusions being a barber alone is not a potential risk factor for hbv infection, while hcv infection is still an occupational health hazards for barbers. we suggest more extensive case-control studies with regard to rates of hepatitis b and c markers among barbers in other iranian cities to assess the incidence of hepatitis b and c infections among this population. background hepatitis b viru...

A persistent form of the hepatitis B virus called occult chronic hepatitis B has recently been described. Its prevalence and physiopathology are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of this clinical entity among patients in the Brazilian Amazon region. Out of 51 anti-HBc total-positive patients who were tested using the polymerase chain reaction, 17% were positive. We d...

Abstract Background The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the leading causes acute, chronic and occult (OBI) representing a serious public health threat. Cytokines are known to be important chemical mediators that regulate differentiation, proliferation function immune cells. Accumulating evidence indicate inadequate responses responsible for HBV persistency. aim this study were investigate cyt...

Background and Aim: Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an incompletely understood condition. There no data about occult HBV in sero-discordant couples. We attempted to find out the prevalence of OBI this cohort formulate guidelines for vaccination. Methods: 40 couples were enrolled. DNA (quantitative), Anti HBc HBs titre (quantitative) done. was defined as positivity without detectable...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Non-detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope protein (hepatitis B surface antigen, HBsAg) in a chronically HBV infected individual has been described as occult infection. One possible reason for this phenotype is alteration in large (L-HBsAg) to small (S-HBsAg) envelope protein ratio associated with reduced or non secretion of HBsAg. This results in quantitative lev...

Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is characterised by the persistence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome in the liver, without any evidence of overt infection: without HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA detectable in the serum, or fugacious spots of very low levels of viraemia. OBI, a possible phase in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B, is mainly due to the strong suppressio...

Aim . Assessment of the clinical impact previous hepatitis B infection (PHB). Key points PHB is characterized by presence viral DNA in organism (including intrahepatic cccDNA and integrated DNA). Possible virus persistence patient's hepatocytes potentiates agent transmission risk via haemotransfusion, organ transplantation haemodialysis. Occult HBV individuals can reactivate at background immun...