In this paper, we propose a new model for designing integrated forward/reverse logistics based on pricing policy in direct and indirect sales channel. The proposed model includes producers, disposal center, distributers and final customers. We assumed that the location of final customers is fixed. First, a deterministic mixed integer linear programming model is developed for integrated logistic...

Reverse logistics, which is induced by various forms of used products and materials, has received growing attention throughout this decade. In a highly competitive environment, the service level is an important criterion for reverse logistics network design. However, most previous studies about product returns only focused on the total cost of the reverse logistics and neglected the service lev...

In order to solve the optimization problem of logistics distribution system for fresh food, this paper provides a low-carbon and environmental protection point of view, based on the characteristics of perishable products, and combines with the overall optimization idea of cold chain logistics distribution network, where the green and low-carbon location-routing problem (LRP) model in cold chain...

The increasingly dynamic nature of businessto-business electronic commerce has produced a recent shift away from fixed pricing and toward flexible pricing. Flexible pricing, as defined here, includes both differential pricing, in which different buyers may receive different prices based on expected valuations, and dynamic-pricing mechanisms, such as auctions, where prices and conditions are bas...

The use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in many fields is based on total flexibility of the weights. However, the problem of allowing total flexibility of the weights is that the values of the weights obtained by solving the unrestricted DEA program are often in contradiction to prior views or additional available information. Also, many applications of DEA assume complete discretionary of d...

Today, interest about the recovery of used products and materials is on increasing. Therefore, reverse logistics will become power and great potential for winning consumers in more competitive contexts in the future. This paper considers the multistage reverse Logistics Network Problem (mrLNP) with minimizing the total of costs to reverse logistics shipping cost. We will demonstrate the mrLNP m...

The construction industry is characterized by a high material intensity and hence by a large amount and a heterogeneous mix of construction and demolition waste (C&D waste). The high and diversified amount of C&D waste is not only a today’s challenge with respect to recovery of components and materials but also with respect to the organisation of the associated logistic activities. The purpose ...

It has become obligatory for businesses to carry out recycling activities in the face of increasing environmental pollution and danger depletion natural resources. The waste collection phase process requires interactive transportation that uses a reverse logistics flow from customers facilities. Businesses need create appropriate network structures these at minimum cost. This study developed mo...

In academic and scientific literature, Supply Chain Management is a branch of knowledge dealing with such types of exchange arrangements where we fulfill our needs among ourselves. Supply Chain Management covers the supply of products, services and other valuable resources in both directions. It includes the movement of products and services from the producer/manufacturer/supplier towards the c...