The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a metabolic and physiological barrier important for maintaining brain homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the role of PKC activation in BBB paracellular permeability changes induced by hypoxia and posthypoxic reoxygenation using in vitro and in vivo BBB models. In rat brain microvessel endothelial cells (RMECs) exposed to hypoxia (1% O2-99% N2; 2...

Here, we investigate the effects of O2:N2 (1:1) as ambient gas compared with pure N2 during activation annealing Mg p-type doping in GaN layers grown by MOCVD. The purpose is to understand impact O2 on resulting free hole concentration and mobility using SIMS, XRD, STEM, AFM, Hall effect measurements. Even though presence very effective reducing H level Mg-doped layers, maximum achievable still...

The redox landscape of Earth's ocean-atmosphere system has changed dramatically throughout Earth history. Although Earth's protracted oxygenation is undoubtedly the consequence of cyanobacterial oxygenic photosynthesis, the relationship between biological O2 production and Earth's redox evolution remains poorly understood. Existing models for Earth's oxygenation cannot adequately explain the ne...

The photo-induced formation of peroxide ions on the surface of cubic Ln2O3 (Ln = Nd, Sm, Gd) was studied by in situ microprobe Raman spectroscopy using a 325 nm laser as excitation source. It was found that the Raman bands of peroxide ions at 833-843 cm(-1) began to grow at the expense of the Ln(3+)-O(2-) bands at 333-359 cm(-1) when the Ln2O3 samples under O2 were continuously irradiated with ...

In order to evaluate the effect of O2 tension on the in vitro maturation (IVM) and fertilization (IVF) process, 11 replicates of OPU/IVP were performed using 1092 viable oocytes obtained from 48 Bos indicus embryo donors of commercial herds. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from each donor were homogeneously and randomly distributed across two treatments. The IVM was performed in TCM-199 with ov...

A number of aspects of ionospheric chemistry are revisited. The review discusses in detail only work performed at AFRL, but other work is mentioned. A large portion of the paper discusses measurements of the kinetics of upper ionospheric reactions at very high temperatures, i.e. the upper temperature range has been extended to at least 1400 K and in some cases to 1800 K. These temperatures are ...