Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), the prototype member of the JEV serocomplex, genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, is the most significant arthropod-borne encephalitis worldwide in terms of morbidity and mortality. At least four genotypes (GI-GIV) of the virus have been identified; however, to date, the genomic nucleotide sequence of only one GII virus has been determined (FU strain, Austra...

For viruses to productively infect their hosts, they must evade or inhibit important elements of the innate immune system, namely the type I interferon (IFN) response, which negatively influences the subsequent development of antigen-specific adaptive immunity against those viruses. Dengue virus (DENV) can inhibit both type I IFN production and signaling in susceptible human cells, including de...

Dengue, a viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, is a serious global public health problem, infecting 50 to 100 million people each year in >100 countries and resulting in at least 20,000 deaths annually1,2. Dengue is caused by one of the four antigenically related dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1 to 4) belonging to the family Flaviviridae3. The viral genome is a single-stranded, positive...