The Arctic Council in a formal treaty based organization among the eight Arctic Countries (Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, the Russian Federation, Sweden and the United States of America.) with permanent participation by the six indigenous peoples organizations of the Arctic (Aleut International Association, Arctic Athabaskan Council, Gwich'in Council International, Inuit Circumpolar...

this study investigates the contributions of atlantic ocean to june-august rainfall over uganda and western kenya (ku). the study has utilized the datasets including precipitation from the global precipitation climatology centre, north atlantic oscillation index (naoi), south atlantic ocean dipole index (saodi), era-interim reanalysis, and the atlantic ocean sea surface temperature (sst). singu...

Abstract Scholars and practitioners continue to debate transatlantic burden sharing, which has implications for broader questions of collective action international organizations. Little research, however, analyzed domestic institutional drivers burden-sharing behavior; even less disaggregated defense spending measure sharing more precisely. This paper enhances understanding the relationship be...

Even if most European countries have not yet joined the Treaty on Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), treaty has been salient in a number national settings. In Netherlands, TPNW enjoys broad societal appeal, and Dutch parliament has, occasions, called government to explore options for joining treaty. this piece, we empirically study attitudes toward TPNW. Our findings indicate that majority ...

The paper demonstrates that the Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) is one very useful analytical tool and method to help Allied political decision makers military strategists rethink Alliance’s new role mission in Africa, as Southern neighbour of NATO EU having great possibilities influence, either positively or negatively, European Euro-Atlantic security. Thus, paper’s scope use MCA order highlight...

Permanent neutrality and the organization of collective security is a complex ambiguous choice that Ukraine has faced since gaining independence. The purpose article to study evolution policy independent Ukraine, which gone long way from proclamation status permanently neutral non-aligned state constitutionally enshrined foreign course towards Euro-Atlantic integration. work uses historical, do...

Objectives The purpose of the article is to present place resilience in security strategy North Atlantic Alliance and Republic Poland. This particularly important context Russian Federation's military aggression against Ukraine Moscow's attempts destabilize other regions. In light such a stated goal, following research problem was established: will concept threats become key for NATO Polish pol...

The circulation and water mass structure of the North Atlantic are reviewed, with emphasis on the large-scale overturning cell which produces North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). Properties and transports for its major components (Nordic Seas Overflow Water, Labrador Sea Water, Mediterranean Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water and Antarctic Bottom Water) are reviewed. The transport estimates and p...

A synoptic, hydrographic data set comprising 32 full depth CTD casts and 2500 CTD/SeaSoar profiles to 500 m is used to describe the θ/S properties and circulation of Central Water east of the mid-Atlantic Ridge and between 39°N and 54°N. Eastward transport of 20 x 10 m s in the North Atlantic Current turns entirely northwards to the west of 54°N, 20°W. This transport consists in the upper layer...