This study focused on the predictive value of risk factors, cognitive factors, and teachers' judgments in a sample of 462 kindergartners for their early reading skills and reading failure at the beginning of Grade 1. With respect to risk factors, enrollment in speech-language therapy, history of dyslexia or speech-language problems in the family, and the role of gender were considered. None of ...

This study examined how familiarity of word structures influenced articulatory control in children and adolescents during repetition of real words (RWs) and nonwords (NWs). A passive reflective marker system was used to track articulator movement. Measures of accuracy were obtained during repetition of RWs and NWs, and kinematic analysis of movement duration and variability was conducted. Parti...

Lipinski and Gupta (2005) report the results of 12 experiments and numerous analyses that attempted to examine further the effects of phonotactic probability originally reported in Vitevitch and Luce (1998, & further explored in Vitevitch & Luce 1999). They suggested that Vitevitch and Luce s results were due to differences in the duration of the stimuli rather than to differences in phonotacti...

A growing body of research has documented effects of phonotactic probability on young children’s phonological processing. This study extends this research in two ways. It compares nonword repetitions by 40 young children with phonological disorders with those by 40 age peers with typical phonological development and it also examines the relationship between the frequency effect in the nonword r...

PURPOSE To examine the role of phonotactic probabilities at the onset of language development, in a new language (Dutch), while controlling for word position. METHOD Using a nonword imitation task, 64 Dutch-learning children (age 2;2-2;8 [years;months]) were tested on how they imitated segments in low- and high-phonotactic probability environments, in word-initial and word-final position. The...

In the current study, participants made a verbal naming response to prime target word flanked by distractor word, followed lexical decision probe or nonword, word. By tracking potential priming effects from having either become (attended repetition condition) (ignored condition), consistent positive and negative were obtained. These results broaden our understanding that stimulus-response bindi...

We present a new model for lexical decision, REM-LD, that is based on REM theory (e.g., ). REM-LD uses a principled (i.e., Bayes' rule) decision process that simultaneously considers the diagnosticity of the evidence for the 'WORD' response and the 'NONWORD' response. The model calculates the odds ratio that the presented stimulus is a word or a nonword by averaging likelihood ratios for lexica...

This article reports on an experiment comparing the effects of three discrete types of deviance from native language (L1) phonetics and phonology on verbal short-term memory performance. A nonword repetition task was used to measure the recall of four stimulus types: (a) high-probability L1-sounding nonwords, (b) low-probability L1-sounding nonwords, (c) nonwords containing illegal L1 phoneme s...