Pituitary tumors are common in the general population. Since neuroimaging techniques have improved, pituitary tumors are more often diagnosed incidentally. About 16.7% of the general population show changes in the pituitary gland. Predominantly, pituitary tumors are benign pituitary adenomas. Pituitary carcinomas or aggressive pituitary tumors are extremely rare. They might develop from benign ...

Pituitary tumors are rare tumors (less then 10%) of the central nervous system (CNS), which malignicity depends on their localization, meanwhile, their biological nature is benign. The diameter they have is mostly less then 10 mm (microadenomas), but sometimes could be 10 mm (macroadenomas) to 5 cm and more and then are usually nonfunctional (about 20% of all pituitary tumors). Clinical presenc...

Classified as benign central nervous system (CNS) tumors, pituitary adenomas account for 10% of diagnosed intracranial neoplasms. Although surgery is often curative, patients with invasive macroadenomas continue to experience significant morbidity and are prone to tumor recurrence. Given the identification of human brain tumor-initiating cells (TICs) that initiate and maintain tumor growth whil...

Growth hormone (GH) is essential for quality of life in both children and adults, but it is also believed to enhance the growth of various neoplasms. However, the role of GH in the brain, particularly in brain tumors, has yet to be established. To clarify these problems from the perspective of receptor expression, we examined GH receptor (GHR) expression in brain tumors using immunohistochemist...

There has been a dramatic development in the treatment of pituitary adenomas during the last two decades. The main factors which led to this development were the introduction of transsphenoidal surgery, the development of new imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the introduction of newer dopaminergic agents. Present status of the treatment...

INTRODUCTION Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery has gained increasing acceptance by otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons. In many centers throughout the world, this technique is now routinely used for the same indications as conventional microsurgical technique for pituitary tumors. OBJECTIVE To present a surgical experience of consecutive endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal resect...

UNLABELLED Pituitary adenomas are usually solitary lesions. Rarely, patients may present with two distinct pituitary tumors. We report a case of synchronous secretory pituitary adenomas in a woman who initially presented with elevated prolactin levels. She was initially treated with cabergoline, but, after many years, she began developing symptoms consistent with acromegaly. Imaging revealed tw...

Pituitary adenomas can invade surrounded tissue, but the mechanism remains elusive. Ether à go-go-1 (Eag1) potassium channel and epidermal growth factor receptors (ErbB1 and ErbB2) have been associated to invasive phenotypes or poor prognosis in cancer patients. However, cells arrange their cytoskeleton in order to acquire a successful migration pattern. We have studied ErbBs and Eag1 expressio...

Pituitary adenomas represent a group of functionally diverse neoplasms with relatively high prevalence in the general population. Most occur sporadically, but inherited genetic predisposing factors are increasingly recognized. Familial isolated pituitary adenoma is a recently defined clinical entity, and is characterized by hereditary presentation of pituitary adenomas in the absence of clinica...

Pituitary adenomas are common neoplasms requiring medical and/or surgical treatment when associated with hormonal hypersecretion. Treatment of non-functioning pituitary adenomas is necessary when symptoms of mass effect or hormonal deficits occur. However, therapeutic options, including surgical resection and/or radiotherapy, can be associated with significant complications. Hence, it is import...