P-Type cuprous oxide (Cu2O) photoelectrodes prepared by the thermal oxidation of Cu foils exhibited open-circuit voltages in excess of 800 mV in nonaqueous regenerative photoelectrochemical cells. In contact with the decamethylcobaltocene (Me10CoCp2 ) redox couple, cuprous oxide yielded opencircuit voltage, Voc, values of 820 mV and short-circuit current density, Jsc, values of 3.1 mA cm 2 unde...

In this work, we have evaluated how well the general assisted model building with energy refinement (AMBER) force field performs in studying the dynamic properties of liquids. Diffusion coefficients (D) have been predicted for 17 solvents, five organic compounds in aqueous solutions, four proteins in aqueous solutions, and nine organic compounds in nonaqueous solutions. An efficient sampling st...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate mini-dose glucagon in adults with type 1 diabetes using a stable, liquid, ready-to-use preparation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twelve adults with type 1 diabetes receiving treatment with insulin pumps received subcutaneous doses of 75, 150, and 300 μg of nonaqueous glucagon. Plasma glucose, glucagon, and insulin concentrations were measured. At 180 min, subjects receive...

Multicomponent nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contaminants that are mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are examined using UNIFAC. The NAPL phase activity coefficients for constituent compounds of four different coal tar materials are estimated. The group contribution approach is adapted to describe representative molecular structures of the uncharacterized fractions of the tar ...

Coordination compounds have been increasingly studied as a new class of promising candidates for the matrix ionic conducting materials because their designability and high crystallinity. The conduction light alkali metal ions (Li+ Na+) has developed in polymeric coordination systems, which are commonly used under nonaqueous conditions. Recent studies shown that discrete compounds, well hydrated...

Protonated heterocyclic amines, such as pyridinium, have been utilized as catalysts in the electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide. While these represent a new and exciting class of electrocatalysts, the details of the mechanism and faradaic processes occurring in solution are unclear. We report a series of cyclic voltammetry experiments involving Pt, Ag, Au, and Cu electrodes, under both ...

Total body water (TBW) determination by tritium space could be factitiously elevated by exchangeable H+ contained within water-soluble chemical configurations. Should this nonaqueous (molecular) exchangeable H+ turn out to be a large fraction of total exchangeable H+, TBW measurement by tritiated water (THO) dilution would display a systematic upward and non-random error. TBW was measured by TH...

The activity of biocatalysts in nonaqueous solvents is related to the interaction of organic solvents with cells or enzymes. The behavior of proteins is strongly dependent on the protonation state of their ionizable groups, which ionization constants are greatly affected by the solvent. Due to the weak ionizing and dissociating powers of common organic solvents, the charge of the protein will c...

Among the "beyond Li-ion" battery chemistries, nonaqueous Li-O2 batteries have the highest theoretical specific energy and, as a result, have attracted significant research attention over the past decade. A critical scientific challenge facing nonaqueous Li-O2 batteries is the electronically insulating nature of the primary discharge product, lithium peroxide, which passivates the battery catho...