This study compared the results from nine automated essay scoring engines on eight essay scoring prompts drawn from six states that annually administer high-stakes writing assessments. Student essays from each state were randomly divided into three sets: a training set (used for modeling the essay prompt responses and consisting of text and ratings from two human raters along with a final or re...

Arti cial Life is, by its nature, an interdisciplinary research programme; it will involve biologists, of course, but also philosophers, mathematicians, chemists, computer scientists|and perhaps even (as in my case) engineers. Success in our endeavours will require some of us, at least, to venture into foreign territory. This essay is a log of my personal expedition into evolutionary biology. I...

Purpose of the study: The aim this study is to demonstrate why metagovernance not effective in increasing democratic legitimacy networks; end, an articulated map will be presented describe how interactions occur within metagoverned environments. Methodology/approach: To construct macro-model analysis, methodology Quivy and Campenhoudt (2005) was used. consolidate knowledge involved theoretical ...

This essay is an expanded version of my Antrittsvorlesung ‘Können Tiere Denken?’ at the University of Zurich, 02.04.2007. A Spanish translation will appear as a monograph La Mente de los Animales. (Oviedo, KRK Ediciones) in 2008. The essay discusses the problems which concepts pose for the attribution of thoughts to (non-human) animals. It first locates these problem within a range of other iss...

prediction of mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-based composite is one of the important issues which should be addressed reasonably. a proper modeling approach is a multi-scale technique starting from nano scale and lasting to macro scale passing in-between scales of micro and meso. the main goal of this research is to develop a multi-scale modeling approach to extract mechanical propert...

The body of residential complexes is affected by social interactions between residents over time. Of the most important places for social communications are bazaars as the backbone of Iranian cities. Ancient bazaar of Babol in north of Iran contains natural features which makes a special sense of place. This essay tries to answer to how concept of sense of place is presented and what are factor...

Curran-Everett D. A classic learning opportunity from Arthur Guyton and colleagues (1955): circuit analysis of venous return. Adv Physiol Educ 31: 129–135, 2007; doi:10.1152/advan.00097.2006.— The circuit analysis of an electric analog of the systemic circulation, the focus of a classic paper by Guyton, Lindsey, and Kaufmann, provides a framework for understanding the factors that impact venous...