OBJECTIVE The association between low birth weight and type 2 diabetes is well established. We studied whether preterm birth carries a similar risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Helsinki Birth Cohort includes 13,345 men and women born between 1934 and 1944. Of them, 12,813 had adequate data on length of gestation, which we linked with data on special reimbursement for diabetes medication. ...

Background Diabetes and mental health conditions co-occur frequently in the United States1,2 and each is a risk factor for the other.3,4 Moreover, individuals with comorbid diabetes and psychiatric disorders are at greater risk for poor health outcomes than the general population or than their peers with diabetes.5,6 One step toward understanding and potentially reducing the health disparities ...

This study was designed to examine the circadian pattern of blood pressure in children and young adults with type I diabetes who were completely normotensive by standard criteria. Forty-five patients and the same number of age- and sex-matched control subjects were studied. In diabetic children of 10-14 years of age, the nocturnal fall in systolic and diastolic blood pressures was intact. In di...

OBJECTIVE To assess the proportion of youth with type 1 diabetes under the care of pediatric endocrinologists in the United States meeting targets for HbA1c, blood pressure (BP), BMI, and lipids. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data were evaluated for 13,316 participants in the T1D Exchange clinic registry younger than 20 years old with type 1 diabetes for ≥1 year. RESULTS American Diabetes Ass...

OBJECTIVE To examine whether patterns in socioeconomic characteristics in Chicago over a 30-year period are associated with neighborhood distribution of youth diabetes risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Incident cases of diabetes in youth aged 0-17 years were identified from the Chicago Childhood Diabetes Registry between 1994 and 2003. Those with a type 2 diabetes-like clinical course or rela...

OBJECTIVE Seasonal environment at birth may influence diabetes incidence in later life. We sought evidence for this effect in a large sample of diabetic youth residing in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We compared the distribution of birth months within the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (SEARCH study) with the monthly distributions in U.S. births tabulated by race for years 1982-20...

It is estimated that among 100 million European children aged 0–14 years, some 10 000 will develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) each year. Within a subset of 10–30% of IDDM patients who will ultimately develop diabetic nephropathy (DN), the earliest stages of disease can be detected within the first 4–5 years after diagnosis w1–3x. We present the risk factors for the development, ...

OBJECTIVE In patients with Type 2 diabetes, to determine the factors associated with diabetes knowledge, derived from Rasch analysis, and compare results with a traditional raw scoring method. RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODS Participants in this cross-sectional study underwent a comprehensive clinical and biochemical assessment. Diabetes knowledge (main outcome) was assessed using the Diabetes Know...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) process information more slowly than children who do not have diabetes. METHODS We tested 31 children with early onset and longer duration of IDDM, 35 with later onset and briefer duration of IDDM, and 36 comparison children without diabetes. They were administered five tasks requiring rapid responding tha...

Management of diabetes requires a multidisciplinary approach including: medical therapy, nutritional therapy, self-management education, psychosocial assessment and care, hypoglycemia awareness training, and exercise. Exercise in an effective lifestyle management technique for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and for the management of both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Here we review th...