In this study, the kinetics for reaction of tert-butanol esterification with acetic acid in presence Dowex 50Wx8 catalyst was investigated. The kinetic experiments were conducted 1000 milliliter vessel at temperatures ranged from 50 - 80 oC, loading 25-50 g/L, and molar ratios to 1/3 – 3/1. rate found increase increasing temperature loading. It also conversion increases as ratio alcohol Non-ide...

This work presents a macro model for discrete-time sigma‒delta modulators, which can significantly reduce the simulation time compared to transistor level circuits. The proposed is realized by effectively combining active and passive ideal circuit components with Verilog-A modules. As such, since true representation of actual circuit, moderately good accuracy be obtained. In addition, includes ...

A computational model for the interaction of a high-pressure microplasma with an electromagnetic wave is presented. one-dimensional particle-in-cell Monte Carlo collision used to investigate plasma non-ideality effects in second-stage laser-heated xenon comprehensive chemistry mechanism, including excited species. at temperature 300 K and pressure 10 bar becomes non-ideal after laser heating st...

In a multi-component homogeneous system, the relationship between partial molar and molar quantity (RPMQ) is proved to be an equivalent relation of the Gibbs-Duhem equation. The universal characteristics of a thermodynamic model to conform to the Gibbs-Duhem equation are inferred from the RPMQ. Based on the inference, an asymmetric regular solution model is suggested to deal with those systems ...

Densities , viscosities and ultrasonic velocities has been measured for the ternary mixture involving morpholine(1) + cyclohexanone(2) + 1hexanol(3) at 308.15K and 318.15K over the entire range of mole fraction. Parameters like excess volume, adiabatic compressibility, free volume, linear free energy, acoustic impedance, relative association and isentropic compressibility were calculated. From ...

This paper proposes a pipeline analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with non-binary encoding technique based on β-expansion. By using multiply-by-β switched-capacitor (SC) multiplying digital-to-analog converter (MDAC) circuit, our proposed ADC is composed by radix-β (1 < β < 2) 1 bit pipeline stages instead of using the conventional radix-2 1.5 bit/1 bit pipeline stages to realize non-binary anal...

Abstract For the design of eutectic solvents (ESs, usually also known as deep solvents), prediction solid–liquid equilibria (SLE) between candidate components is primary relevance. In present work, SLE binary solvent systems by COSMO-RS model systematically evaluated, thereby examining applicability this method for ES design. Experimental such are first collected exhaustively from literature, f...