BACKGROUND Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the preferred treatment method for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the required equipments are not available in all hospitals. Thus, due to shortage of time, some patients receive thrombolysis therapy first. Patients with chest pain and/or persistent ST segment elevation will then undergo rescue percutaneous co...

The purpose of this study was to assess the degree, time sequence, and biochemical correlates of hypothermic protection against ischemic acute renal failure. Rats subjected to 40 minutes of bilateral renal artery occlusion (RAO) were made mildly hypothermic (32 degrees-33 degrees C, by cold saline peritoneal lavage) during the following time periods: 1) RAO only, 2) reperfusion only (beginning ...

Objective: Evaluate whether early routine post-fibrinolysis angioplasty represents a reasonable reperfusion option for victims of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), so that these patients could benefit more. Methods: A total of 936 STEMI patients were enrolled in this study to full Urokinase within 3 hours (h) followed by stenting within 3 12 h (Ultra early routine post-fibrinolysis an...

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to investigate the impact of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in degenerated saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) without distal embolic protection. BACKGROUND Distal embolic protection devices have been shown to reduce the incidence of no reflow/slow flow during PCI of de novo lesions in degenerated SVGs. It is unclear whether PCI of in-stent restenosis (...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the combined assessment of reflow and collateral blood flow by myocardial contrast echocardiography after myocardial infarction. DESIGN Myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed in patients with acute myocardial infarction shortly after successful coronary reperfusion (TIMI 3 patency) by direct angioplasty. Collateral flow was assessed before coronary angioplast...

BACKGROUND Neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio represents the balance between neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in the body and can be utilized as an index for systemic inflammatory status. The no-reflow phenomenon is defined as inadequate myocardial perfusion through a given segment of the coronary circulation without angiographic evidence of mechanical vessel obstruction. Systemic inflammatory s...

While coronary thrombolytic therapy in clinical practice is well established for acute myocardial infarction, the injury associated with reperfusion ("reperfusion injury") is still under intense investigation regarding its nature and the strategy for its prevention. Reperfusion injury has been defined as cell injury caused by reperfusion itself, in contradistinction to cell injury caused by the...

he coronary “no-reflow” phenomenon can occur during eperfusion of an infarct artery or after percutaneous coroary intervention (PCI) (1). It represents inadequate myoardial perfusion despite epicardial coronary artery patency nd can be caused by reperfusion injury, embolization of therosclerotic or thrombotic debris, or ischemia-induced icrovascular damage from endothelial cell injury, leukoyte...

The possible role of leukocytes in the cerebral microcirculation following ischaemia was assessed in the gerbil. The no-reflow phenomenon seen after 30 minutes of severe bilateral hemispheric ischaemia during hypotensive reperfusion was compared in control animals and in a group made leukopenic by pretreatment with cyclophosphamide. Neither the incidence nor the severity of the no-reflow phenom...