The ILC baseline consists of two interaction regions, one with a 20mrad crossing angle and the other with a 2mrad crossing angle. It is known that the outgoing beam losses in the final doublet and subsequent extraction line are larger in the 2mrad than in the 20mrad layout. In this work, we exploit NbTi and Nb3Sn superconducting magnet technologies to redesign and optimise the final doublet, wi...

The paradigm shifts occurring in the past few years in our understanding of BTI are reviewed. Among the most significant ones is the shift from perceiving NBTI in terms of the Reaction-Diffusion model to analyzing BTI with the tools originally developed for describing low-frequency noise. This includes the interpretation of the time, temperature, voltage, and duty cycle dependences of BTI. It i...

A number of recent publications explain NBTI to consist of a recoverable and a more permanent component. While a lot of information has been gathered on the recoverable component, the permanent component has been somewhat elusive. We demonstrate that oxide defects commonly linked to the recoverable component also form an important contribution to the permanent component of NBTI. As such, they c...

We used ferromagnetic artificial pinning centers in superconducting NbTi wires to achieve a large critical current density (Jc) in a magnetic field. Four wires were fabricated that contained nanometer-sized arrays of Ni or Fe pins inside micron-sized filaments of Nb0.36Ti0.64 alloy. A ferromagnetic pin volume of only 2% Ni produced Jc’s ~e.g., 2500 A/mm 2 at 5 T, 4.2 K! that were comparable to ...

Several scenarios are considered for the upgrade of the LHC insertions in view of increasing the luminosity beyond 10 cms. In the case of “quadrupole first” option, superconducting low-β quadrupoles with apertures in the range of 90-110 mm are required in view of increased heat loads and beam crossing angles. We present possible low-β quadrupole designs based on existing Nb3Sn and LHC NbTi supe...

In a previous report (T. J. Dougherty, A. Nayar, J. V. Newman, S. Hopkins, G. G. Stone, M. Johnstone, A. B. Shapiro, M. Cronin, F. Reck, and D. E. Ehmann, Antimicrob Agents Chemother 58:2657-2664, 2014), a novel bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitor, NBTI 5463, with activity against Gram-negative pathogens was described. First-step resistance mutations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa arose exclus...

To elucidate interpatient variability in thioguanine nucleotide (TGN) concentrations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, we determined the TGN concentrations in leukemic blasts from 82 children with newly diagnosed ALL after intravenous administration of mercaptopurine (MP). Patients treated with MP alone achieved higher TGN concentrations than those treated with the combination of met...