We put forward the existence of surface gap solitons at the interface between uniform media and an optical lattice with defocusing nonlinearity. Such new type of solitons forms when the incident and reflected waves at the interface of the lattice experience Bragg scattering, and feature a combination of the unique properties of both surface waves and gap solitons. We discover that gap surface s...

Our modern society relies on an economic system that is mainly based on the mechanism of contracts. Right now our industrial and service society is changing to an even more modern information society. One of the most important indicators that shows this change is the growing digital economy. But without any trust of the economic community in electronic contracts the new economy will not be able...

Recently a new type of Kramers-Fokker-Planck equation has been proposed [Friedrich, R.; Jenko, F.; Baule, A.; Eule, S. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 96, 230601] describing anomalous diffusion in external potentials. In the present paper, the explicit cases of a harmonic potential and a velocity-dependent damping are incorporated. Exact relations for moments for these cases are presented, and the asymp...

In the modeling, monitoring, and control of complex networks, a fundamental problem concerns the comprehensive determination of the state of the system from limited measurements. Using power grids as example networks, we show that this problem leads to a new type of percolation transition, here termed a network observability transition, which we solve analytically for the configuration model. W...

We theoretically introduce a new type of optical all-pass filter based on guided resonance in coupled photonic crystal slabs. The filter exhibits near-complete transmission for both on- and off-resonant frequencies and yet generates large resonant group delay. We further show that such a filter can be mechanically switched into a flat-top band rejection filter.

A fascinating polythreaded coordination network formed by 1D crankshaft shaped chains threading into a 2D undulated sheet in a one-over/one-under interweaving fashion was reported, in which the 2D layer exhibits an unusual polyknotted entanglement containing triple-stranded molecular braids.